{"id":168969,"date":"2019-03-08T06:24:33","date_gmt":"2019-03-07T22:24:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/?p=168969"},"modified":"2019-04-26T14:30:21","modified_gmt":"2019-04-26T06:30:21","slug":"%e8%a2%ab%e5%bc%95%e6%9d%80%e6%89%8b-%e4%ba%8c%e7%bb%b4%e6%9d%90%e6%96%99%e5%8f%91%e5%b1%95%e7%9a%84%e9%87%8c%e7%a8%8b%e7%a2%91%e6%96%87%e7%ab%a0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/?p=168969","title":{"rendered":"\u201c\u88ab\u5f15\u6740\u624b\u201d&#8212;-\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\u6587\u7ae0"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u3010\u5f15\u8bed\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\uff1a\u6574\u7406\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u65b9\u9762\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u8ba9\u5927\u5bb6\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u66f4\u5168\u9762\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6750\u6599\u4eba\u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u63a8\u51fa\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u4f18\u8d28\u7684\u4e13\u680f\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u9886\u57df\u4e5f\u6b63\u5728\u6162\u6162\u5b8c\u5584\u3002\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5c0f\u4f19\u4f34\u5df2\u7ecf\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd8\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e0d\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u671f\u5f85\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4f18\u79c0\u4f5c\u8005\u52a0\u5165\uff0c\u6709\u610f\u5411\u7684\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u5fae\u4fe1\u8054\u7cfb cailiaorenVIP\u3002\u6211\u5728\u6750\u6599\u4eba\u7b49\u4f60\u54df\uff0c\u671f\u5f85\u60a8\u7684\u52a0\u5165\uff01<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u3010<strong><b>\u5f15\u8a00<\/b><\/strong>\u3011<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u5c42\u72b6\u6750\u6599\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u5df2\u7ecf\u6301\u7eed\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u76f4\u5230\u5982\u4eca\u4eba\u4eec\u624d\u5f00\u59cb\u771f\u6b63\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u7c7b\u6750\u6599\u5bf9\u4e8e\u79d1\u6280\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u53d1\u73b0\u5c31\u662f\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5236\u5907\u3002\u5f53\u5c42\u72b6\u6750\u6599\u7684\u539a\u5ea6\u51cf\u8584\u5230\u7269\u7406\u6781\u9650\u65f6\uff0c\u6750\u6599\u5c31\u4f1a\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u4e0e\u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5757\u4f53\u6750\u6599\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u3002\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u7c7b\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u5178\u578b\u4ee3\u8868\u3002\u81ea\u4ece\u5f00\u521b\u6027\u5730\u53d1\u73b0\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5448\u73b0\u7206\u70b8\u5f0f\u7684\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u5e0c\u671b\u901a\u8fc7\u6c47\u603b\u9ad8\u88ab\u5f15\u7814\u7a76\u6587\u7ae0\u6765\u7b80\u8981\u8bba\u8ff0\u8fd1\u5341\u51e0\u5e74\u6765\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3010<strong><b>\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599<\/b><\/strong>\u3011<\/p>\n<p>2004\u5e74\uff0cK. Novoselov\u4ee5\u53caA. Geim\u7b49\u4eba\u53d1\u8868\u6587\u7ae0\u62a5\u9053\u4e86\u901a\u8fc7\u673a\u68b0\u5265\u79bb\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6210\u529f\u5730\u4ece\u77f3\u58a8\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u2014\u4e00\u79cd\u78b3\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u3002\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u7531\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u4ee5sp<sup>2<\/sup>\u6742\u5316\u8f68\u9053\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u516d\u89d2\u578b\u5448\u8702\u5de2\u6676\u683c\u6784\u6210\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u5269\u4f59\u4e00\u4e2ap\u8f68\u9053\u7535\u5b50\u5171\u540c\u53c2\u4e0e\u5f62\u6210\u03c0\u00a0\u952e\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u5177\u5907\u4f18\u5f02\u7684\u8f7d\u6d41\u5b50\u8fc1\u79fb\u7387\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8d4b\u4e88\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u5149\u7535\u6027\u8d28\u3002\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u4ee5\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u65b0\u578b\u8584\u5c42\u6750\u6599\u5f00\u59cb\u6d8c\u73b0\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u4e5f\u5f00\u59cb\u5c06\u8fd9\u7c7b\u5177\u6709\u7247\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u6a2a\u5411\u5c3a\u5bf8\u8d85\u8fc7100nm\u800c\u539a\u5ea6\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u8005\u51e0\u4e2a\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u6750\u6599\u7edf\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u6216\u8005\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599<sup>[1]<\/sup>\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u7684\u539a\u5ea6\u5728\u51e0\u4e2a\u7eb3\u7c73\u7684\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e00\u822c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u628a\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u7684\u8303\u7574\u91cc\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002\u5f97\u76ca\u4e8e\u8fd9\u7c7b\u6750\u6599\u7684\u5728\u539f\u5b50\u5c42\u539a\u5ea6\uff0c\u7535\u5b50\u9650\u57df\u73b0\u8c61\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u4e0a\u90fd\u975e\u5e38\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u4e0e\u5176\u4e09\u7ef4\u7ed3\u6784\u8fe5\u5f02\u7684\u7269\u5316\u6027\u8d28\u3002\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u5149\u3001\u7535\u3001\u78c1\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u65b0\u578b\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u5728\u5305\u62ec\u5149\u7535\u5668\u4ef6\u3001\u751f\u7269\u533b\u5b66\u3001\u80fd\u6e90\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u90fd\u53d8\u73b0\u51fa\u6781\u5177\u524d\u666f\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4ef7\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3010<strong><b>\u53d1\u5c55\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891<\/b><\/strong>\u3011<\/p>\n<p><strong>1.\u5f00\u521b\u6027\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5236\u5907\u539f\u5b50\u5c42\u539a\u5ea6\u7684\u78b3\u819c&#8211;\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u73b0\u8eab\uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/science.sciencemag.org\/content\/306\/5696\/666\"><u>Electric field effect in atomically thin carbon films <\/u><\/a>\uff0c\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5236\u5907\u7684\u8087\u59cb\u4e4b\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u88ab\u5f1530000\u591a\u6b21\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Novoselov\u4ee5\u53caA. Geim\u7b49\u4eba\u5229\u7528\u80f6\u5e26\u53cd\u590d\u5265\u79bb\u5f97\u5230\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7684\u4e8b\u8ff9\u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u65b0\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u201c\u725b\u987f\u4e0e\u82f9\u679c\u201d\u5f0f\u6545\u4e8b\u30022004\u5e74\uff0cGeim\u8bfe\u9898\u7ec4\u5728Science\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u7ae0\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5236\u5907\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5355\u539f\u5b50\u5c42\u539a\u5ea6\u7684\u77f3\u58a8\u6750\u6599&#8212;&#8211;\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u8ba4\u4e3a\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u662f\u7531\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u5bc6\u96c6\u5806\u6210\u82ef\u73af\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5355\u5c42\uff0c\u5b83\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u78b3\u57fa\u6750\u6599\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6784\u5efa\u5355\u4f4d\u3002\u7136\u800c\u7406\u8bba\u7814\u7a76\u8ba4\u4e3a\u51e0\u4e2a\u7eb3\u7c73\u539a\u5ea6\u7684\u8584\u5c42\u6750\u6599\u662f\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u4e00\u76f4\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5728\u81ea\u7531\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u65e0\u6cd5\u5448\u73b0\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5e73\u9762\u7684\u5f62\u6001\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u5c42\u4e0e\u5c42\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u529b\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5f31\u7684\u8303\u5fb7\u74e6\u5c14\u65af\u529b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64Geim<sup>[2]<\/sup>\u7b49\u4eba\u5229\u7528\u5fae\u673a\u68b0\u5265\u79bb\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5bf9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5b9a\u5411\u70ed\u89e3\u77f3\u58a8\u8fdb\u884c\u53cd\u590d\u9010\u5c42\u7684\u5265\u79bb\u76f4\u81f3\u6700\u7ec8\u5f97\u52305\u5c42\u30013\u5c42\u751a\u81f3\u5355\u5c42\u7684\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u9996\u6b21\u5728\u5ba4\u6e29\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5236\u5907\u5f97\u5230\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u5c42\u539a\u5ea6\u7ea7\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u8584\u819c\u6750\u6599\u3002\u968f\u540e\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u8fd8\u5c06\u5236\u5907\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u8584\u819c\u52a0\u5de5\u6210\u4ee5\u6c27\u5316\u7845\u4e3a\u57fa\u8d28\u7684\u591a\u7ec8\u7aefHall Bar\u5668\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8868\u660e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec4\u6210\u5668\u4ef6\u7684\u8584\u819c\u5747\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u975e\u5e38\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u534a\u91d1\u5c5e\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5176\u7535\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u7684\u4ef7\u5e26\u4e0e\u5bfc\u5e26\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u5fae\u5c0f\u7684\u91cd\u53e0\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u7535\u5b50\u548c\u7a7a\u7a74\u5bc6\u5ea6\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230\u7ea610<sup>13<\/sup>\u6bcf\u5e73\u65b9\u5398\u7c73\uff0c\u5ba4\u6e29\u4e0b\u8f7d\u6d41\u5b50\u8fc1\u79fb\u7387\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\uff08\u7ea610000\u00a0cm<sup>2<\/sup>\/V\u00b7s\uff09\u3002\u968f\u540e\u53d1\u8868\u5728<em><i>PHYSICAL REVIEW B<\/i><\/em><sup>[3]<\/sup>\u4e0a\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u5355\u5c42\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u96f6\u5e26\u9699\u7684\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u968f\u7740\u5c42\u6570\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u9010\u6e10\u4ece\u534a\u5bfc\u8f6c\u53d8\u6210\u534a\u91d1\u5c5e\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u77f3\u58a8\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ed3\u8bba\u4e3a\u5236\u5907\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7535\u5b50\u5668\u4ef6\uff08\u5982\u6676\u4f53\u7ba1\u7b49\uff09\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u81ea\u6b64\u4e4b\u540e\u5173\u4e8e\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7535\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u53ca\u5176\u76f8\u5173\u65b0\u578b\u7269\u7406\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5f00\u59cb\u84ec\u52c3\u53d1\u5c55\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5236\u5907\u7684\u8087\u59cb\u4e4b\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd9\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u4e5f\u4e3a\u5982\u4f55\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4f9d\u636e&#8212;\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u4f1a\u968f\u7740\u5c42\u6570\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u800c\u53d1\u751f\u5267\u53d8\uff0c\u5f53\u5c42\u6570\u589e\u52a0\u81f3\u8db3\u591f\u539a\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u7535\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u5c06\u8d8b\u8fd1\u4e8e\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5757\u4f53\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u5373\u6750\u6599\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4ece\u4e8c\u7ef4\u8f6c\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u4e09\u7ef4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56fe1 \u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u8584\u819c<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-168971 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/\u56fe\u72471-3.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"395\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/\u56fe\u72471-3.png 600w, http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/\u56fe\u72471-3-300x198.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\uff08A\uff09\u539a\u5ea6\u4e3a3nm\u5de6\u53f3\u7684\u591a\u5c42\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7247\uff08B\uff09\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7247\u8fb9\u7f18\u9644\u8fd1\u7684AFM\u56fe\u50cf\uff08C\uff09\u5355\u5c42\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7684AFM\u56fe\u50cf\uff08D\uff09\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u8584\u819c\u57fa\u591a\u7ec8\u7aefHall Bar\u5668\u4ef6\u7684SEM\u56fe\u50cf\uff08E\uff09\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u8584\u819c\u57fa\u591a\u7ec8\u7aefHall Bar\u5668\u4ef6\u793a\u610f\u56fe<sup>[2]<\/sup><\/p>\n<p><strong>2.\u201c\u70b9\u4eae\u201d\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature04233\"><u>Two-dimensional gas of massless Dirac fermions in graphene<\/u><\/a>&amp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature04235\"><u>Experimental observation of the quantum Hall effect<\/u><u>\u00a0<\/u><u>and Berry\u2019s phase in graphene<\/u><\/a>\u9996\u6b21\u5b9e\u9a8c\u53d1\u73b0\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u4e0a\u7684\u65b0\u578b\u91cf\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5f00\u542f\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u72ec\u7279\u5149\u7535\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5408\u8ba1\u88ab\u5f153\u4e07\u591a\u6b21\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>2005\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u7b2c7065\u671f\u300aNature\u300b\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4e24\u7bc7\u5173\u4e8e\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7535\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6587\u7ae0\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e24\u7bc7\u5206\u522b\u7531\u82f1\u56fdGeim\u8bfe\u9898\u7ec4<sup>[4]<\/sup>\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66P. Kim\u8bfe\u9898\u7ec4<sup>[5]<\/sup>\u72ec\u7acb\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u540c\u65f6\u5ba3\u5e03\u5b9e\u9a8c\u89c2\u6d4b\u5230\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u4e2d\u7684\u534a\u6574\u6570\u91cf\u5b50\u970d\u5c14\u6548\u5e94\u3002\u5728\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u4e0e\u76f8\u90bb\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u5f62\u6210\u7262\u56fa\u7684\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u5408\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6bcf\u4e2a\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u8fd8\u80fd\u8d21\u732e\u4e00\u4e2a\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u81ea\u7531\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u975e\u952e\u5408\u7535\u5b50\uff0c\u8d4b\u4e88\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u4f18\u5f02\u7684\u5bfc\u7535\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e24\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u53d1\u73b0\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u4e2d\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u8fd0\u52a8\u884c\u4e3a\u5177\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u7535\u5b50\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u6709\u6548\u8d28\u91cf\u5e76\u9075\u5faa\u725b\u987f\u8fd0\u52a8\u5b9a\u5f8b\u7684\u7c92\u5b50\uff0c\u5176\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u884c\u4e3a\u7b26\u5408\u859b\u5b9a\u8c14\u65b9\u7a0b\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u5229\u7528\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u6837\u54c1\u4e2d\u89c2\u6d4b\u5230\u4e86\u91cf\u5b50\u970d\u5c14\u6548\u5e94\u4ee5\u53ca\u975e\u96f6\u7684\u8d1d\u91cc\u76f8\u4f4d\uff0c\u4f20\u5bfc\u7535\u5b50\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u548c\u52a8\u91cf\u5448\u73b0\u7ebf\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7535\u5b50\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u884c\u4e3a\u66f4\u7b26\u5408\u72c4\u62c9\u514b\u65b9\u7a0b\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7535\u5b50\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u5ffd\u7565\u81ea\u8eab\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u7c92\u5b50\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u9879\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c2007\u5e74Geim\u8bfe\u9898\u7ec4\u548cKim\u8bfe\u9898\u7ec4\u5408\u4f5c\u5728\u5355\u5c42\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u8584\u819c\u4e0a\u9996\u6b21\u89c2\u6d4b\u5230\u4e86\u5ba4\u6e29\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u970d\u5c14\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u663e\u8457\u6539\u5584\u4e86\u91cf\u5b50\u970d\u5c14\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u591a\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5728\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u4e0a\u89c2\u6d4b\u5230\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u91cf\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u73b0\u8c61\u76f4\u63a5\u4fc3\u4f7fNovoselov\u4ee5\u53caA. Geim\u4e24\u4eba\u6458\u53d6\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u6842\u51a0\u3002\u5728\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u4e2d\u9996\u5148\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u534a\u6574\u6570\u970d\u5c14\u6548\u5e94\u5f00\u542f\u4e86\u4e8c\u7ef4\u51dd\u805a\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u70ed\u6f6e\uff0c\u52a0\u901f\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u4fe1\u606f\u6280\u672f\u9769\u547d\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e3a\u771f\u6b63\u5b9e\u73b0\u4f4e\u8017\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u5668\u4ef6\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u6750\u6599\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56fe2 \u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u4e2d\u7684\u72c4\u62c9\u514b\u8d39\u7c73\u5b50<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-168972 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/\u56fe\u72472-4.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"473\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/\u56fe\u72472-4.png 600w, http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/\u56fe\u72472-4-300x237.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\uff08A\uff09SdH\u9707\u8361\u9891\u7387<em><i>B<\/i><\/em><em><sub><i>F<\/i><\/sub><\/em>\u4e0e\u8f7d\u6d41\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff08\u8d1f\u503c\u8868\u793a\u7a7a\u7a74\u6d53\u5ea6\uff0c\u6b63\u503c\u8868\u793a\u7535\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6\uff09\uff08B\uff09\u5229\u7528SdH\u9707\u8361\u6700\u5c0f\u503c\u76f8\u5173\u6570N\u786e\u5b9a<em><i>B<\/i><\/em><em><sub><i>F<\/i><\/sub><\/em>\uff08C\uff09SdH\u632f\u5e45\u4e0e\u6e29\u5ea6\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff08D\uff09\u7535\u5b50\u548c\u7a7a\u7a74\u7684Cyclotron\u8d28\u91cf\u4e0e\u6d53\u5ea6\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff08E\uff09\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7535\u5b50\u80fd\u8c31\u793a\u610f\u56fe<sup>[4]<\/sup><\/p>\n<p><strong>3.\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u5bb6\u65cf\u51fa\u73b0\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.pnas.org\/content\/102\/30\/10451.short\"><u>Two-dimensional atomic crystals<\/u><\/a>\u5f00\u542f\u9664\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u5916\u5176\u4ed6\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u88ab\u5f159000\u591a\u6b21\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u7ef4\u5ea6\u662f\u5b9a\u4e49\u6750\u6599\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6307\u6807\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u5316\u5b66\u6210\u5206\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u5176\u4e0d\u540c\u7ef4\u5ea6\u5f62\u6001\u6240\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002\u5728\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u88ab\u5236\u5907\u51fa\u6765\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5df2\u7ecf\u5236\u5907\u51fa\u4e86\u51c6\u96f6\u7ef4\uff08\u7b3c\u5206\u5b50\u6216\u8005\u539f\u5b50\u56e2\u7c07\uff0c\u5982\u5bcc\u52d2\u70ef\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u51c6\u4e00\u7ef4\uff08\u7ba1\u72b6\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u5982\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\uff09\u7684\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e09\u7ef4\u7684\u77f3\u58a8\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u90fd\u662f\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u51e0\u7c7b\u78b3\u57fa\u6750\u6599\u5747\u6709\u81ea\u8eab\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u3002\u7136\u800c\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u7684\u5236\u5907\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\u4e00\u76f4\u96be\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u5c42\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\u6750\u6599\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u4e2d\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u7c7b\u6750\u6599\u901a\u5e38\u5177\u5907\u7a33\u56fa\u7684\u9762\u5185\u952e\u5408\u529b\u800c\u8f83\u5f31\u7684\u5c42\u95f4\u8303\u5fb7\u74e6\u8033\u65af\u4f5c\u7528\u529b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5236\u5907\u5355\u539f\u5b50\u5c42\u7ea7\u8584\u819c\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u6750\u6599\u5728\u51cf\u8584\u5230\u4e00\u5b9a\u539a\u5ea6\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4e0a\u7684\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u81f4\u4f7f\u8584\u5c42\u6750\u6599\u5bb9\u6613\u53d1\u751f\u5206\u89e3\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u7a33\u5b9a\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u539a\u5ea6\u4e3a\u539f\u5b50\u5c42\u7ea7\u6750\u6599\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u8ba4\u77e5\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u7684\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u5236\u5907\u3002\u7ee7\u6210\u529f\u5236\u5907\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u4e4b\u540e\uff0cGeim\u7b49\u4eba<sup>[7]<\/sup>\u57282005\u5e74\u53c8\u7387\u5148\u5236\u5907\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u975e\u78b3\u57fa\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u3002\u5229\u7528\u5fae\u673a\u68b0\u5265\u79bb\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u9996\u5148\u4ece\u5c42\u72b6\u6750\u6599\u4e2d\u5265\u79bb\u51fa\u66f4\u8584\u7684\u5c42\u72b6\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5265\u79bb\u51fa\u7684\u5c42\u72b6\u6750\u6599\u5177\u6709\u65b0\u9c9c\u7684\u8868\u9762\u5c42\uff0c\u5f53\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b0\u9c9c\u8868\u9762\u5c42\u76f8\u4e92\u6469\u64e6\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u4e9b\u8584\u7247\u788e\u5c51\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u73b0\u8c61\u867d\u7136\u5728\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u5f88\u5e38\u89c1\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u8584\u7247\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u539a\u5ea6\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u65e0\u6cd5\u89c2\u5bdf\u8584\u7247\u7684\u663e\u5fae\u7ed3\u6784&#8212;-\u8584\u7247\u5728\u57fa\u8d28\u4e0a\u5e38\u5e38\u663e\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u900f\u660e\u3002\u7136\u800c\u968f\u7740\u7535\u5b50\u663e\u5fae\u6280\u672f\u7279\u522b\u662f\u539f\u5b50\u529b\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u7684\u53d1\u660e\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5f97\u4ee5\u8fd1\u8ddd\u79bb\u89c2\u5bdf\u7814\u7a76\u8fd9\u7c7b\u8584\u7247\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f53Geim\u7b49\u4eba\u6210\u529f\u5265\u79bb\u51fa\u6c2e\u5316\u787c\u3001\u4e8c\u786b\u5316\u94bc\u3001\u7852\u5316\u94cc\u3001\u77f3\u58a8\u4ee5\u53caBi<sub>2<\/sub>Sr<sub>2<\/sub>CaCu<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>x<\/sub>\u7684\u8584\u7247\u65f6\uff0cAFM\u4ee5\u53ca\u626b\u63cf\u96a7\u9053\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u7b49\u663e\u5fae\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u76f4\u63a5\u786e\u8ba4\u4e86\u8fd9\u7c7b\u8584\u7247\u6750\u6599\u662f\u539a\u5ea6\u5728\u51e0\u4e2a\u751a\u81f3\u5355\u4e2a\u539f\u5b50\u5e76\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u5b8f\u89c2\u6a2a\u5411\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8584\u7247\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u5178\u578b\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5728\u6b63\u5e38\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u80fd\u591f\u51e0\u4e2a\u661f\u671f\u4fdd\u6301\u7a33\u5b9a\u5b58\u5728\u800c\u4e0d\u4ea7\u751f\u964d\u89e3\u3002\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e5f\u662f\u9996\u6b21\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u975e\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u4e2d\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u8f93\u8fd0\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u70b9\u71c3\u4e86\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u70ed\u60c5\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5bf9\u975e\u78b3\u57fa\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u5219\u662f\u5927\u5927\u5f00\u62d3\u4e86\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7535\u5b50\u6750\u6599\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u89c6\u91ce\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56fe3 \u4e8c\u7ef4\u6676\u4f53<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-168973 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/\u56fe\u72473-4.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"594\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/\u56fe\u72473-4.png 600w, http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/\u56fe\u72473-4-150x150.png 150w, http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/\u56fe\u72473-4-300x297.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\uff08A\uff09\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7852\u5316\u94cc\u7684AFM\u56fe\u50cf\uff08B\uff09\u4e8c\u7ef4\u77f3\u58a8\u7684AFM\u56fe\u50cf\uff08C\uff09\u4e8c\u7ef4Bi<sub>2<\/sub>Sr<sub>2<\/sub>CaCu<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>x<\/sub>\u7684SEM\u56fe\u50cf\uff08D\uff09\u4e8c\u786b\u5316\u94bc\u7684SEM\u56fe\u50cf\uff08\u6807\u5c3a\u4e3a1\u03bcm\uff09<sup>[7]<\/sup><\/p>\n<p><strong>4\uff0e\u201c\u91ca\u653e\u201d\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u6f5c\u80fd\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nnano.2010.172\"><u>Boron nitride substrates for high-quality graphene electronics<\/u><\/a>\u4ece\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5f00\u59cb\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\/\u6c2e\u5316\u787c\u5f02\u8d28\u7ed3\u6784\u88ab\u6210\u529f\u5236\u5907\u51fa\u6765\u5e76\u5f15\u9886\u4e86\u5bf9\u8303\u5fb7\u534e\u5f02\u8d28\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u88ab\u5f154000\u591a\u6b21\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5f97\u76ca\u4e8e\u5176\u5178\u578b\u7684\u516d\u89d2\u6676\u683c\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7b49\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u5177\u5907\u975e\u5e38\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u6027\u8d28\u3002\u7136\u800c\u65e0\u5e8f\u7684\u5468\u8fb9\u73af\u5883\u6781\u5176\u5bb9\u6613\u4e0e\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6676\u683c\u7ed3\u6784\u53d1\u751f\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u751a\u81f3\u6539\u53d8\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u7684\u672c\u5f81\u6027\u8d28\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u4e0e\u886c\u5e95\u63a5\u89e6\u8fd9\u4e00\u7b80\u5355\u884c\u4e3a\u5c31\u5bb9\u6613\u9020\u6210\u8f7d\u6d41\u5b50\u8fc1\u79fb\u7387\u7684\u6025\u5267\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7535\u5b50\u5668\u4ef6\u5927\u90fd\u4ee5\u6c27\u5316\u7845\u4f5c\u4e3a\u886c\u5e95\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5728\u8fd9\u7c7b\u6750\u6599\u4e0a\u7684\u8f7d\u6d41\u5b50\u8fc1\u79fb\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u9650\u4e8e\u5e26\u7535\u8377\u7684\u8868\u9762\u6001\u3001\u6742\u8d28\u3001\u886c\u5e95\u8868\u9762\u7c97\u7cd9\u5ea6\u4ee5\u53ca\u6c27\u5316\u7845\u8868\u9762\u58f0\u5b50\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u6563\u5c04\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u8bf1\u5bfc\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u4ea7\u751f\u975e\u5747\u8d28\u7684\u7535\u5b50-\u7a7a\u7a74\u6ce1\u6ce1\uff08electron-hole puddles\uff09\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u6742\u8d28\u63ba\u6742\uff0c\u7834\u574f\u4e86\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u5728\u7535\u8377\u4e2d\u6027\u70b9\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u8f93\u8fd0\u6027\u8d28\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u4e0e\u886c\u5e95\u89e3\u8026\u5408\u4ee5\u4f7f\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u4e0d\u53d7\u5468\u8fb9\u73af\u5883\u5f71\u54cd\u662f\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u5668\u4ef6\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e4b\u521d\u5c31\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u96be\u9898\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5c3d\u91cf\u7ef4\u6301\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u7684C. R. Dean\u7b49\u4eba<sup>[8]<\/sup>\u5c06\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u6c2e\u5316\u787c\u886c\u5e95\u4e0a\uff0c\u5176\u6027\u80fd\u8868\u73b0\u8fdc\u8fdc\u4f18\u4e8e\u4ee5\u5f80\u7684\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u57fa\u5668\u4ef6\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u9996\u5148\u5728\u4ece\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u516d\u65b9\u6c2e\u5316\u787c\u5355\u6676\u4e2d\u5265\u79bb\u51fa\u5341\u51e0\u7eb3\u7c73\u539a\u7684\u6c2e\u5316\u787c\u8584\u7247\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u5229\u7528PMMA\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u5355\u5c42\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u8f6c\u79fb\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u6c2e\u5316\u787c\u8584\u7247\u4e0a\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6c2e\u5316\u787c\u7684\u6676\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u77f3\u58a8\u9ad8\u5ea6\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6c2e\u5316\u787c\u8868\u9762\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u60ac\u7a7a\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u952e\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e26\u7535\u8377\u6742\u8d28\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u6563\u5c04\u5e72\u6270\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7684\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784\u66f4\u52a0\u5b8c\u6574\u3002\u7535\u5b66\u6d4b\u91cf\u7ed3\u679c\u4e5f\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u7535\u8377\u4e2d\u6027\u70b9\u7684\u7535\u963b\u7387\u5cf0\u503c\u5bbd\u5ea6\u660e\u663e\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6742\u8d28\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u6563\u5c04\u7387\u5728\u964d\u4f4e\uff1b\u800c\u9ad8\u78c1\u573a\u4e0b\u8bf1\u5bfc\u7535\u8377\u5bc6\u5ea6\u7684\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e5f\u8bf4\u660e\u6750\u6599\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u66f4\u52a0\u5b8c\u6574\u3002\u8fd9\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8bde\u751f\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u5bf9\u57fa\u4e8e\u6c2e\u5316\u787c\u886c\u5e95\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5668\u4ef6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u9610\u91ca\u4e86\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u8f6c\u79fb\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5bf9\u5b9e\u73b0\u8303\u5fb7\u74e6\u8033\u65af\u7ec4\u88c5\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u5f15\u9886\u4e86\u5bf9\u8303\u5fb7\u74e6\u5c14\u65af\u5f02\u8d28\u7ed3\u6784\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56fe4 \u57fa\u4e8e\u6c2e\u5316\u787c\u886c\u5e95\u7684\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u5668\u4ef6\u5236\u5907\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-168974 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/\u56fe\u72474-4.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"233\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/\u56fe\u72474-4.png 600w, http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/\u56fe\u72474-4-300x117.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\uff08A\uff09\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u5149\u5b66\u56fe\u50cf\uff08B\uff09\u8f6c\u79fb\u524d\u6c2e\u5316\u787c\u7684\u5149\u5b66\u56fe\u50cf\uff08C\uff09\u8f6c\u79fb\u540e\u7684\u6c2e\u5316\u787c\u7684\u5149\u5b66\u56fe\u50cf\uff08D\uff09\u5668\u4ef6\u5236\u5907\u8fc7\u7a0b\u793a\u610f\u56fe<sup>[8]<\/sup><\/p>\n<p><strong>5.\u5e73\u9762\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u9762\u6676\u4f53\u7ba1\u53d1\u5c55\u8d77\u6b65(<a href=\"https:\/\/journals.aps.org\/prl\/abstract\/10.1103\/PhysRevLett.105.136805\"><u>Atomically Thin MoS<sub>2<\/sub>: A New Direct-Gap Semiconductor<\/u><\/a>&amp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/nnano\/journal\/v6\/n3\/abs\/nnano.2010.279.html\"><u>Single-layer MoS<sub>2<\/sub><\/u><u>\u00a0<\/u><u>transistors<\/u><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/a>\u9610\u91ca\u4e86TMDCs\u7b49\u51cf\u8584\u6210\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u4e5f\u5177\u5907\u72ec\u7279\u5149\u7535\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u5f00\u542f\u4e86\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5408\u8ba1\u88ab\u5f1516000\u4f59\u6b21)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u957f\u4e45\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u7535\u5b50\u5668\u4ef6\u7684\u98de\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u6709\u8d56\u4e8e\u4e0d\u65ad\u7f29\u5c0f\u573a\u6548\u5e94\u7ba1\u7684\u5c3a\u5ea6\u6216\u8005\u51cf\u5c11\u5176\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002\u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u6570\u4ee5\u5341\u4ebf\u8ba1\u7845\u57fa\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u573a\u6548\u5e94\u7ba1\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u82af\u7247\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u7740\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u666e\u904d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u573a\u6548\u5e94\u7ba1\u7684\u5fae\u578b\u5316\u5df2\u7ecf\u63a5\u8fd1\u6781\u9650\u503c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5bfb\u6c42\u53ef\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848\u4ee5\u7ef4\u6301\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u5de5\u4e1a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\u7684\u9762\u4e34\u91cd\u5927\u6311\u6218\u3002\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u57fa\u573a\u6548\u5e94\u7ba1\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u8ba9\u4eba\u4eec\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u7845\u57fa\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u573a\u6548\u5e94\u7ba1\uff08MOSFETs\uff09\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u6253\u7834\uff0c\u6fc0\u53d1\u4e86\u5bf9\u65b0\u578b\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u30022010\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u300aPHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS\u300b\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0<sup>[9]<\/sup>\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u786b\u5316\u94bc\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u5149\u5b66\u6027\u80fd\u4e0e\u6750\u6599\u5c42\u6570\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5229\u7528\u5149\u81f4\u53d1\u5149\u4ee5\u53ca\u539f\u5b50\u529b\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u7b49\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u8ffd\u8e2a\u4e86\u4e8c\u786b\u5316\u94bc\u7684\u80fd\u5e26\u7ed3\u6784\u6f14\u53d8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u53d1\u73b0\u968f\u7740\u5c42\u6570\u7684\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u5728\u91cf\u5b50\u9650\u57df\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u8bf1\u5bfc\u4e0b\uff0c\u95f4\u63a5\u5e26\u9699\u4ece\u5757\u4f53\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u7684\u4e3a1.29 eV\u9010\u6e10\u79fb\u52a8\u81f31.90eV\uff0c\u800c\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5e26\u9699\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc70.1eV\u3002\u5149\u7535\u80fd\u8c31\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4e5f\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5355\u5c42\u4e8c\u786b\u5316\u94bc\u7684\u5149\u81f4\u53d1\u5149\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u6548\u7387\u6bd4\u5757\u4f53\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u589e\u5f3a\u4e8610000\u500d\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002\u7ed3\u5408\u7406\u8bba\u8ba1\u7b97\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u6587\u7ae0\u8ba4\u4e3a\u968f\u7740\u5c42\u6570\u51cf\u5c11\u81f3\u5265\u79bb\u51fa\u5355\u5c42\uff0c\u4e8c\u786b\u5316\u94bc\u4ece\u95f4\u63a5\u5e26\u9699\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u8f6c\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u76f4\u63a5\u5e26\u9699\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u3002\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u6d1b\u6851\u8054\u90a6\u7406\u5de5\u5b66\u9662\u7684B. Radisavljevic\u7b49\u4eba<sup>[10]<\/sup>\u5236\u5907\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e\u5355\u5c42\u4e8c\u786b\u5316\u94bc\u7684\u6676\u4f53\u7ba1\u3002\u5229\u7528\u5fae\u673a\u68b0\u5265\u79bb\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u5355\u5c42\u4e8c\u786b\u5316\u94bc\u88ab\u8f6c\u79fb\u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u8868\u9762\u8986\u76d6\u6709\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u7845\u7684\u7845\u57fa\u886c\u5e95\u4e0a\uff0c\u518d\u5229\u7528\u539f\u5b50\u5c42\u6c89\u79ef\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5236\u5907\u6c27\u5316\u94ea\u6805\u6781\u7edd\u7f18\u5c42\u3002\u6c27\u5316\u94ea\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u4ecb\u7535\u5e38\u6570\u7b49\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u589e\u5f3a\u8f7d\u6d41\u5b50\u8fc1\u79fb\u6548\u7387\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5355\u5c42\u548c\u53cc\u5c42\u7684\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u5747\u4e3a\u96f6\u5e26\u9699\u7684\u534a\u91d1\u5c5e\uff0c\u80fd\u9699\u7684\u7f3a\u5931\u4f7f\u5f97\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7684\u5f00\u5173\u7535\u6d41\u6bd4\u6bd4\u8f83\u5c0f\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u7845\u57fa\u903b\u8f91\u82af\u7247\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u768410<sup>4<\/sup>\u523010<sup>7<\/sup>\u7684\u5f00\u5173\u6bd4\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u800c\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\uff0c\u4e8c\u786b\u5316\u94bc\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u53cd\u6f14\u5bf9\u79f0\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u975e\u96f6\u7684\u5929\u7136\u5e26\u9699\uff0c\u5355\u5c42\u7684\u4e8c\u786b\u5316\u94bc\u53c8\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u5e26\u9699\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5355\u5c42\u4e8c\u786b\u5316\u94bc\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u524d\u666f\u66f4\u52a0\u5149\u660e\u7684\u65b0\u578b\u903b\u8f91\u82af\u7247\u6750\u6599\u3002\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e5f\u8bc1\u5b9e\uff0c\u5355\u5c42\u4e8c\u786b\u5316\u94bc\u5728\u5ba4\u6e29\u4e0b\u7684\u8fc1\u79fb\u7387\u53ef\u4ee5\u8d85\u8fc7200cm<sup>2<\/sup>V<sup>-1<\/sup>s<sup>-1<\/sup>\uff0c\u5ba4\u6e29\u5f00\u5173\u7535\u6d41\u6bd4\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fbe\u523010<sup>8<\/sup>\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd9\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u4e0d\u4ec5\u7387\u5148\u5236\u5907\u4e86\u975e\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u57fa\u5e73\u9762\u6676\u4f53\u7ba1\uff0c\u8fd8\u6210\u529f\u6fc0\u53d1\u4e86\u5b66\u754c\u5bf9\u4e8c\u7ef4\u8fc7\u6e21\u91d1\u5c5e\u786b\u5316\u7269\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u70ed\u60c5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56fe5 \u4e8c\u786b\u5316\u94bc\u5355\u5c42\u6676\u4f53\u7ba1\u7684\u5236\u5907<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-168975 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/\u56fe\u72475-3.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"578\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/\u56fe\u72475-3.png 578w, http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/\u56fe\u72475-3-300x260.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 578px) 100vw, 578px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\uff08A\uff09\u5355\u5c42\u4e8c\u786b\u5316\u94bc\u7684\u5149\u5b66\u56fe\u50cf\uff08B\uff09\u57fa\u4e8e\u5355\u5c42\u4e8c\u786b\u5316\u94bc\u7684\u6676\u4f53\u7ba1\u7684\u5149\u5b66\u56fe\u50cf\uff08C\uff09\u6676\u4f53\u7ba1\u7684\u4e09\u7ef4\u793a\u610f\u56fe\uff0c\uff08A\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\uff08B\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u6807\u5c3a\u4e3a10\u03bcm<sup>[<\/sup><sup>10<\/sup><sup>]<\/sup><\/p>\n<p><strong>6.\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\u5316\u5236\u5907\uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/science.sciencemag.org\/content\/331\/6017\/568\"><u>Two-Dimensional Nanosheets<\/u><u>\u00a0<\/u><u>Produced by Liquid Exfoliationof Layered Materials<\/u><\/a>\u5f00\u53d1\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u884c\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u901a\u7528\u5236\u5907\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7387\u5148\u5b9e\u73b0\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u3001\u591a\u79cd\u7c7b\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u5236\u5907\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u5668\u4ef6\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\u5316\u5236\u5907\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u88ab\u5f154000\u4f59\u6b21\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u53d1\u5c55\u4e4b\u521d\uff0c\u5fae\u673a\u68b0\u5265\u79bb\u662f\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u5236\u5907\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u8fd9\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5728\u77f3\u58a8\u6676\u4f53\u4e0a\u65bd\u52a0\u6469\u64e6\u529b\u7b49\u6765\u5206\u79bb\u5f97\u5230\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u3002\u5176\u4f18\u70b9\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u884c\uff0c\u4ea7\u54c1\u8d28\u91cf\u4e5f\u6bd4\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u96be\u4ee5\u91cf\u4ea7\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5c3d\u5feb\u5b9e\u73b0\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7684\u91cf\u4ea7\u5316\uff0c\u8bf8\u5982\u5316\u5b66\u6c14\u76f8\u6c89\u79ef\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u88ab\u9646\u7eed\u53d1\u660e\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u88ab\u6210\u529f\u5236\u5907\u548c\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5bfb\u627e\u4e00\u79cd\u8f83\u4e3a\u666e\u9002\u7684\u5236\u5907\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c31\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u9879\u4e9f\u5f85\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u90fd\u67cf\u6797\u4e09\u4e00\u5b66\u9662\u548c\u725b\u6d25\u5927\u5b66\u7684J. N. Coleman\u7b49\u5b66\u8005\u4eec<sup>[<\/sup><sup>11<\/sup><sup>]<\/sup>\u5728\u524d\u4eba\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u9610\u91ca\u4e86\u5229\u7528\u6db2\u76f8\u5265\u79bb\u6280\u672f\u5236\u5907\u8d85\u8584\u5c42\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u5bf9\u591a\u79cd\u5c42\u72b6\u6750\u6599\u5177\u6709\u901a\u7528\u6027\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5c06\u8fc7\u6e21\u91d1\u5c5e\u786b\u5316\u7269\u4ee5\u53ca\u6c2e\u5316\u787c\u7b49\u5206\u6563\u5728\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6709\u673a\u6eb6\u5242\u6216\u8005\u8868\u9762\u6d3b\u6027\u5242\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\uff0c\u518d\u5229\u7528\u8d85\u58f0\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5c06\u5c42\u72b6\u6750\u6599\u9010\u6b65\u5265\u79bb\u6210\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7247\u72b6\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5916\u529b\u4f5c\u7528\u5206\u79bb\u5242\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u80fd\u591f\u63d2\u5165\u6750\u6599\u5c42\u95f4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u6eb6\u5242\u975e\u5e38\u5173\u952e\u3002\u65e9\u572808\u5e74Coleman\u7b49\u4eba\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u5c06\u77f3\u58a8\u7c89\u653e\u5165NMP\u6db2\u4f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8d85\u58f0\u5904\u740630\u5206\u949f\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u79bb\u5fc3\u5f97\u5230\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u3002\u57282014\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u7814\u7a76<sup>[<\/sup><sup>12<\/sup><sup>]<\/sup>\uff0cColeman\u7b49\u4eba\u53c8\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u6eb6\u5242\u9009\u62e9\u4e0e\u5bf9\u8c61\u6750\u6599\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5f53\u6eb6\u5242\u8868\u9762\u80fd\u5339\u914d\u5355\u5c42\u6750\u6599\u65f6\uff0c\u6eb6\u5242\u5206\u5b50\u624d\u4f1a\u4e0e\u5355\u5c42\u4e4b\u95f4\u4ea7\u751f\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5355\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\u88ab\u5265\u79bb\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u800c\u8868\u660e\u6d3b\u6027\u5242\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u5265\u79bb\u51fa\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u80fd\u591f\u7a33\u5b9a\u5b58\u5728\u5728\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u800c\u4e0d\u53d1\u751f\u6c89\u79ef\u3002\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e5f\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u6db2\u76f8\u5265\u79bb\u51fa\u7684\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u55b7\u5c04\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6c89\u79ef\u5728\u886c\u5e95\u4e0a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6db2\u76f8\u5265\u79bb\u6280\u672f\u4e5f\u4e3a\u65b0\u578b\u6676\u4f53\u7ba1\u7b49\u7535\u5b50\u5668\u4ef6\u7684\u91cf\u4ea7\u5316\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4fbf\u5229\u3002\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u6db2\u76f8\u7684\u5265\u79bb\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5982\u764c\u75c7\u6cbb\u7597\u7b49\u57fa\u4e8e\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u573a\u666f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5951\u673a\uff0c\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u9ed1\u78f7\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u7b49\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5149\u70ed\u6750\u6599\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5174\u8d77\u65e0\u4e00\u4e0d\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u6db2\u76f8\u5265\u79bb\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56fe6 \u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u7684\u5149\u5b66\u8868\u5f81<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-168976 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/\u56fe\u72476-2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"392\" height=\"499\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/\u56fe\u72476-2.png 392w, http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/\u56fe\u72476-2-236x300.png 236w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 392px) 100vw, 392px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\uff08A\uff09\u5230\uff08C\uff09\u4e8c\u786b\u5316\u94bc\u3001\u4e8c\u786b\u5316\u94a8\u4ee5\u53ca\u6c2e\u5316\u787c\u4e09\u79cd\u5c42\u72b6\u6750\u6599\u79bb\u5fc3\u540e\u5269\u4f59\u6d53\u5ea6\u4e0e\u6eb6\u5242\u8868\u9762\u5f20\u529b\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff08D\uff09\u4e8c\u786b\u5316\u94bc\u5728NMP\u6eb6\u5242\u4e2d\u3001\u4e8c\u786b\u5316\u94a8\u5728NMP\u6eb6\u5242\u4e2d\u4ee5\u53ca\u6c2e\u5316\u787c\u5728IPA\u6eb6\u5242\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u7801\u7167\u7247\uff08E\uff09\u4e09\u79cd\u6750\u6599\u5206\u6563\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u5438\u6536\u5149\u8c31\uff08F\uff09\u4e09\u79cd\u6750\u6599\u5206\u6563\u6db2\u7684\u6717\u4f2f-\u6bd4\u5c14\u66f2\u7ebf<sup>[<\/sup><sup>11<\/sup><sup>]<\/sup><\/p>\n<p><strong>7.\u201c\u70ef\u7c7b\u201d\u6750\u6599\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nnano.2014.35\"><u>Black phosphorus field-effect transistors<\/u><\/a>&amp;<a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/full\/10.1021\/nn501226z\"><u>Phosphorene: An Unexplored 2D Semiconductor with a High Hole 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Zhang. Ultrathin Two-Dimensional\u00a0Nanomaterials. <em><i>ACS Nano<\/i><\/em><em><i>.<\/i><\/em>, 2015,\u00a09, 9451\u20139469.<\/p>\n<p>[2]\u00a0K. S. Novoselov, A.\u00a0K.\u00a0Geim, et al. Electric Field Effect in Atomically\u00a0Thin Carbon Films. <em><i>Science<\/i><\/em>, 2004,\u00a0306, 666\u2013669.<\/p>\n<p>[3]\u00a0B. Partoens, F. M. Peeters. From graphene to graphite: Electronic structure around the K\u00a0point. <em><i>Phys. Rev. B <\/i><\/em>2006, 74, 075404.<\/p>\n<p>[4] A.\u00a0K.\u00a0Geim,\u00a0K. S. Novoselov, et al. Two-dimensional gas of massless Dirac fermions in graphene. <em><i>Nature<\/i><\/em>, 2005,\u00a0438, 197\u2013200.<\/p>\n<p>[5] Y. Zhang, et al. Experimental observation of the quantum Hall effect\u00a0and Berry\u2019s phase in grapheme. <em><i>Nature<\/i><\/em>, 2005,\u00a0438, 201\u2013204.<\/p>\n<p>[6]\u00a0K. S. Novoselov, et al. Room-Temperature Quantum Hall Effect in Graphene. <em><i>Science<\/i><\/em>, 2007,\u00a0315, 1379.<\/p>\n<p>[7]\u00a0K. S. Novoselov, et al. Two-dimensional atomic crystals. <em><i>PNAS<\/i><\/em>, 2005,\u00a0102, 10451-10453.<\/p>\n<p>[8]\u00a0C. R.\u00a0Dean, et al. Boron nitride substrates for high-quality\u00a0graphene electronics. <em><i>Nature Nanotechnology<\/i><\/em><em><i>,<\/i><\/em>\u00a02010,\u00a05,\u00a0722\u2013726.<\/p>\n<p>[9]\u00a0K. F.\u00a0Mak, et al. Atomically Thin MoS2: A New Direct-Gap Semiconductor. <em><i>Phy. Rev. Lett.,<\/i><\/em>\u00a02010,\u00a0105,\u00a0136805.<\/p>\n<p>[10]\u00a0B. Radisavljevic, et al. Single-layer MoS2 transistors. <em><i>Nat. Nanotech.,<\/i><\/em>\u00a02011,\u00a06,\u00a0147-150.<\/p>\n<p>[11]\u00a0J. N. Coleman, et al. Two-Dimensional Nanosheets\u00a0Produced by Liquid Exfoliation\u00a0of Layered Materials. <em><i>Science.,<\/i><\/em>\u00a02011,\u00a0331,\u00a0568-571.<\/p>\n<p>[12]\u00a0J. N. Coleman, et al. Two-Dimensional Nanosheets\u00a0Produced by Liquid Exfoliation\u00a0of Layered Materials. <em><i>Science,<\/i><\/em>\u00a02011,\u00a0331,\u00a0568-571.<\/p>\n<p>[13]\u00a0L. Li, et al. Black phosphorus field-effect transistors. <em><i>Nat. Nanotech.,<\/i><\/em>\u00a02014,\u00a09,\u00a0372-377.<\/p>\n<p>[14]\u00a0H. Liu, et al. Phosphorene: An Unexplored 2D Semiconductor with a High Hole Mobility. <em><i>ACS Nano,<\/i><\/em>\u00a02014,\u00a08,\u00a04033-4041.<\/p>\n<p>[15]\u00a0W. S. Chen, et al. Black Phosphorus Nanosheet-Based Drug Delivery System for Synergistic Photodynamic\/Photothermal\/Chemotherapy of Cancer. <em><i>Adv Mater.,<\/i><\/em>\u00a02017,\u00a029,\u00a04033-4041.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5f80\u671f\u56de\u987e\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a class=\"title info_flow_news_title\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/164222.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u91d1\u5c5e\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5408\u6210\u7b56\u7565\u4f60\u90fd\u4e86\u89e3\u4e48\uff1f<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a class=\"title info_flow_news_title\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/163820.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u68b3\u7406\u2013\u63d0\u5347\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u5668\u4ef6\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a class=\"title info_flow_news_title\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/131140.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u8fc8\u8fdb\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u5927\u95e8\uff0c\u8bf7\u4ece\u8fd9\u5341\u7bc7\u7efc\u8ff0\u5f00\u59cb<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u7531<strong><b>\u6750\u6599\u4eba\u79d1\u6280\u987e\u95eenanoCJ\u4f9b\u7a3f\uff0c<\/b><\/strong>\u6750\u6599\u4eba\u7f16\u8f91\u90e8\u7f16\u8f91\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong><b>\u6295\u7a3f\u4ee5\u53ca\u5185\u5bb9\u5408\u4f5c\u53ef\u52a0\u7f16\u8f91\u5fae\u4fe1\uff1acailiaorenVIP<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6b22\u8fce\u5927\u5bb6\u5230\u6750\u6599\u4eba\u5ba3\u4f20\u79d1\u6280\u6210\u679c\u5e76\u5bf9\u6587\u732e\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u5165\u89e3\u8bfb\uff0c\u6295\u7a3f\u90ae\u7bb1tougao@cailiaoren.com\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u3010\u5f15\u8bed\u3011 \u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\uff1a\u6574\u7406\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u65b9\u9762\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u8ba9\u5927\u5bb6\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u66f4\u5168\u9762\u3002 \u6750\u6599\u4eba\u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u63a8\u51fa\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u4f18\u8d28\u7684\u4e13\u680f\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u9886\u57df\u4e5f\u6b63\u5728\u6162\u6162\u5b8c\u5584\u3002\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5c0f\u4f19\u4f34\u5df2\u7ecf\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u4f46&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10213,"featured_media":174204,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1187],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-168969","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zhuanlan"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/168969"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/10213"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=168969"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/168969\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":169009,"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/168969\/revisions\/169009"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/174204"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=168969"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=168969"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=168969"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}