{"id":209016,"date":"2020-09-13T06:46:18","date_gmt":"2020-09-12T22:46:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/?p=209016"},"modified":"2020-09-12T21:46:26","modified_gmt":"2020-09-12T13:46:26","slug":"science%ef%bc%9a%e5%8d%a2%e6%9f%af%ef%bc%8c%e5%8d%a2%e7%a3%8a%ef%bc%8csuresh%e7%ad%89%e4%ba%ba%e5%88%a9%e7%94%a8%e6%a2%af%e5%ba%a6%e7%bb%93%e6%9e%84%e5%90%8c%e6%97%b6%e6%9e%81%e5%a4%a7%e6%8f%90","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/?p=209016","title":{"rendered":"Science\uff1a\u5362\u67ef\uff0c\u5362\u78ca\uff0cSuresh\u7b49\u4eba\u5229\u7528\u68af\u5ea6\u7ed3\u6784\u540c\u65f6\u6781\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u91d1\u5c5e\u6750\u6599\u5f3a\u5851\u6027"},"content":{"rendered":"

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1. Suresh, S. Graded materials for resistance to contact deformation and damage. Science <\/i><\/em>292, 2447\u20132451 (2001).<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5728\u8be5\u6587\u53d1\u8868\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5df2\u7ecf\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u4e86\u68af\u5ea6\u6750\u6599\u5728\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u5b66\u79d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u6469\u64e6\u5b66\u3001\u5730\u8d28\u5b66\u3001\u5149\u7535\u5b50\u5b66\u3001\u751f\u7269\u529b\u5b66\u3001\u65ad\u88c2\u529b\u5b66\u548c\u7eb3\u7c73\u5b66\u7b49\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u8be5\u6587\u5219\u662f\u4e00\u7247\u7efc\u8ff0\u6027\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5168\u9762\u7efc\u8ff0\u4e86\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u68af\u5ea6\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u8868\u9762\u5bf9\u6b63\u5e38\u548c\u6ed1\u52a8\u63a5\u89e6\u6216\u51b2\u51fb\u7684\u7834\u574f\u548c\u5931\u6548\u963b\u529b\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u751f\u5b9e\u8d28\u6027\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u8fd9\u7bc7\u7efc\u8ff0\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e86\u76ee\u524d\u5bf9\u68af\u5ea6\u6750\u6599\u6297\u63a5\u89e6\u53d8\u5f62\u548c\u635f\u4f24\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4e3a\u68af\u5ea6\u6750\u6599\u7684\u529b\u5b66\u53d8\u5f62\u673a\u7406\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u7b2c\u4e00\u624b\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e3a\u5f00\u53d1\u5e76\u5229\u7528\u68af\u5ea6\u6750\u6599\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7406\u8bba\u652f\u6491\u3002\u8be5\u6587\u8fd8\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6982\u8ff0\u4e86\u68af\u5ea6\u6750\u6599\u672a\u6765\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411\u548c\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u975e\u5e38\u5927\uff0c\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u5e76\u7406\u89e3\u68af\u5ea6\u7ed3\u6784\u6750\u6599\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u6587\u7ae0\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe1 \u7ea4\u7ef4\u53d6\u5411\u4e2d\u7684\u5f39\u6027\u68af\u5ea6\u3001\u5e94\u529b\u68af\u5ea6\u5bf9\u5c42\u538b\u75d5\u635f\u4f24\u7684\u5f71\u54cd[1]\u3002<\/p>\n

2. Fang, T., Tao, N. & Lu, K. Revealing extraordinary intrinsic tensile plasticity in gradient nano-grained copper. Science 331, 1587\u20131590 (2011).<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e3a\u5362\u67ef\u7ec4\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u62a5\u9053\u68af\u5ea6\u7eb3\u7c73\u91d1\u5c5e\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u5728\u7eb3\u7c73\u91d1\u5c5e\u6750\u6599\u4e2d\uff0c\u6750\u6599\u5851\u6027\u53d8\u5f62\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4f4d\u9519\u6ed1\u79fb\u88ab\u6291\u5236\uff0c\u800c\u6676\u754c\u8fc1\u79fb\u548c\u6269\u6563\u8815\u53d8\u6210\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5728\u5ba4\u6e29\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u4e0d\u80fd\u5145\u5206\u6ee1\u8db3\u5851\u6027\u53d8\u5f62\u3002\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u80fd\u591f\u6291\u5236\u7eb3\u7c73\u91d1\u5c5e\u7684\u5e94\u529b\u96c6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b83\u7684\u5851\u6027\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5229\u7528\u8868\u9762\u7814\u78e8\u6280\u672f\u6210\u529f\u5408\u6210\u4e86\u68af\u5ea6\u7eb3\u7c73\u91d1\u5c5e\u94dc\uff0c\u5176\u5fae\u89c2\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3a\u7eb3\u7c73\u6676\u7c92\u88ab\u7c97\u6676\u5305\u56f4\uff0c\u4e2d\u95f4\u5219\u4e3a\u8fc7\u6e21\u5c3a\u5bf8\u7684\u6676\u7c92\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u62c9\u4f38\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8868\u660e\uff1a\u68af\u5ea6\u7eb3\u7c73\u91d1\u5c5e\u94dc\u5c55\u793a\u4e8610\u500d\u4e8e\u7c97\u6676\u94dc\u7684\u62c9\u4f38\u5f3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5851\u6027\u5e76\u672a\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u4e14\u7ef4\u6301\u62c9\u4f38\u771f\u5e94\u53d8\u8d85\u8fc7100%\u800c\u65e0\u88c2\u7eb9\u4ea7\u751f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7TEM\u7b49\u8868\u5f81\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u6676\u754c\u8fc1\u79fb\u4f34\u968f\u6676\u7c92\u957f\u5927\u662f\u68af\u5ea6\u7eb3\u7c73\u91d1\u5c5e\u94dc\u7684\u53d8\u5f62\u673a\u5236\u3002\u56fe2 \u8868\u793a\u4e86\u8be5\u6750\u6599\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u7ed3\u6784\u4ee5\u53ca\u62c9\u4f38\u66f2\u7ebf\u3002\u68af\u5ea6NG\u7ed3\u6784\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u56fa\u6709\u5851\u6027\u4e3a\u4f18\u5316\u5757\u4f53\u6750\u6599\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u529b\u5b66\u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6f5c\u529b\u3002\u8be5\u6587\u4e00\u7ecf\u53d1\u8868\u5c31\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u79d1\u5b66\u754c\u7684\u70ed\u8bae\uff0c\u8d77\u521d\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u68af\u5ea6\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u5728\u73b0\u5b9e\u5de5\u827a\u4e2d\u5f88\u96be\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u5f00\u59cb\u8ddf\u98ce\u505a\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd2015\u5e74\u6750\u6599\u5b66\u4f1a\u79cb\u5b63\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e0e\u4f1a\u4e13\u5bb6\u4e13\u95e8\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u7814\u8ba8\u201c\u68af\u5ea6\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ed3\u6784\u6750\u6599\u201d\u7684\u5206\u4f1a\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

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3. Thevamaran, R. et al. Dynamic creation and evolution of gradient nanostructure in single-crystal metallic microcubes. Science 354, 312\u2013316 (2016).<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8be5\u6587\u6f14\u793a\u4e86\u5728\u6700\u521d\u63a5\u8fd1\u65e0\u7f3a\u9677\u7684\u5355\u6676\u94f6\u5fae\u7acb\u65b9\u4f53\u4e2d\u6781\u7aef\u68af\u5ea6\u7eb3\u7c73\u9897\u7c92\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u968f\u540e\u7684\u9759\u6001\u6f14\u5316\u3002\u6781\u7aef\u7684\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ed3\u6784\u8f6c\u53d8\u662f\u7531\u9ad8\u5e94\u53d8\u7387\uff0c\u5e94\u53d8\u68af\u5ea6\uff0c\u548c\u518d\u7ed3\u6676\u5728\u9ad8\u901f\u51b2\u51fb\u5fae\u7acb\u65b9\u4f53\u9020\u6210\u7684\u3002\u9996\u5148\u4f5c\u8005\u4ee5\u81ea\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u7684\u63a5\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u751f\u957f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5408\u6210\u4e86\u94f6\u5fae\u7acb\u65b9\u4f53\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u6fc0\u5149\u8bf1\u5bfc\u5f39\u4e38\u51b2\u51fb\u6d4b\u8bd5\u88c5\u7f6e\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u5730\u4ee5\u8d85\u97f3\u901f\u53d1\u5c04\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u8f70\u51fb\u6837\u54c1\u3002\u8be5\u6587\u5bf9\u53d8\u5f62\u7acb\u65b9\u4f53\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u89c1\u89e3\uff0c\u5e76\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u9ad8\u901f\u78b0\u649e\u5bf9\u6676\u4f53\u548c\u6837\u54c1\u5f62\u72b6\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ed3\u6784\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u5f00\u53d1\u9ad8\u5f3a\u5ea6\u548c\u9ad8\u97e7\u6027\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u68af\u5ea6\u7eb3\u7c73\u9897\u7c92\u91d1\u5c5e\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u524d\u666f\u5e7f\u9614\u7684\u9014\u5f84\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u98de\u673a\u548c\u822a\u5929\u5668\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u90e8\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe3\u9ad8\u5ea6\u53ef\u8c03\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u68af\u5ea6\uff0c\u589e\u5f3a\u91d1\u5c5e\u7684\u5f3a\u5ea6\u548c\u5ef6\u5c55\u6027 \u51b2\u51fb20\u5c0f\u65f6\u540e\uff0c\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e86Ag\u5fae\u7acb\u65b9\u4f53\u7684\u53d8\u5f62\u6a21\u5f0f\u548cGNG\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u5f62\u6210[3]\u3002<\/p>\n

4. Cheng, Z., Zhou, H., Lu, Q., Gao, H. & Lu, L. Extra strengthening and work hardening in gradient nanotwinned metals. Science 362, eaau1925 (2018).<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe4\u5728\u5b6a\u6676\u754c(TB)\u95f4\u8ddd\u548c\u6676\u7c92\u5c3a\u5bf8\u4e0a\u90fd\u6709\u7a7a\u95f4\u68af\u5ea6\u7684\u68af\u5ea6\u7eb3\u7c73\u5b6a\u6676\u7ec4\u7ec7\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u5bfb\u5e38\u7684\u5f3a\u5ea6\u3001\u5747\u5300\u4f38\u957f\u548c\u52a0\u5de5\u786c\u5316\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u4f18\u4e8e\u5176\u6700\u5f3a\u6210\u5206\u548c\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u901a\u8fc7\u68af\u5ea6\u7eb3\u7c73\u5b6a\u6676(GNG)\u3001\u5747\u5300\u7eb3\u7c73\u5b6a\u6676\u7684\u975e\u5747\u5300\u5f3a\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5(NT)\u548c\u591a\u5c42\u5fae\u89c2\u7ed3\u6784[4]\u3002<\/p>\n

5. Lu, L., Chen, X., Huang, X. & Lu, K.\u00a0Revealing the maximum strength in nano-twinned copper. Science 323, 607\u2013610 (2009).<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u591a\u6676\u6750\u6599\u7684\u5f3a\u5ea6\u968f\u6676\u7c92\u5c3a\u5bf8\u7684\u51cf\u5c0f\u800c\u589e\u5927\u3002\u4f4e\u4e8e\u4e34\u754c\u5c3a\u5bf8\u65f6\uff0c\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u6676\u7c92\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u8f6f\u5316\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u539f\u5b50\u6a21\u62df\u6240\u63ed\u793a\u7684\u90a3\u6837\u3002\u5f53\u5f62\u53d8\u673a\u5236\u7531\u6676\u683c\u4f4d\u9519\u6d3b\u52a8\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u4e0e\u6676\u7c92\u8fb9\u754c\u6709\u5173\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u51fa\u73b0\u6700\u5f3a\u5c3a\u5bf8\u3002\u8be5\u6587\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u5b6a\u6676\u539a\u5ea6\u7684\u7eb3\u7c73\u5b6a\u6676\u94dc\u6837\u54c1\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5f3a\u5ea6\u3002\u5b9e\u9a8c\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5f3a\u5ea6\u968f\u5b6a\u6676\u539a\u5ea6\u7684\u51cf\u5c0f\u800c\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u572815\u7eb3\u7c73\u5904\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u5927\u503c\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u5728\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u503c\u5904\u51fa\u73b0\u8f6f\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u5e94\u53d8\u786c\u5316\u548c\u62c9\u4f38\u5ef6\u5c55\u6027\u7684\u589e\u5f3a\u3002\u5f3a\u5ea6\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5b6a\u6676\u539a\u5ea6\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u6e90\u4e8e\u5c48\u670d\u673a\u5236\u4e2d\u7531\u8de8\u5b6a\u6676\u754c\u7684\u6ed1\u79fb\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u6613\u4f4d\u9519\u6e90\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe5\uff08A\uff09\u5f62\u53d8\u6837\u54c1\u7684\u5178\u578b\u660e\u4eae\u900f\u5c04\u7535\u955c\u56fe\u50cf\u663e\u793a\u6676\u683c\u4f4d\u9519\u7684\u7f20\u7ed3;(B)\u00a0HRTEM\u56fe\u50cf\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u8bd5\u6837\u62c9\u4f38\u53d8\u5f62\u523030%\u7684\u5851\u6027\u5e94\u53d8TB\u5904\u6709\u9ad8\u5bc6\u5ea6\u7684\u5806\u579b\u5c42\u9519(SF)\uff1b\uff08C\uff09TBs\u5904\u7684\u8096\u514b\u5229\u4e0d\u5168\u4f4d\u9519\u548c\u5806\u579b\u5c42\u9519\u7684\u6392\u5217[5]\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/p>\n

[1] Suresh, S. Graded materials for resistance to contact deformation and damage. Science <\/i><\/em>292<\/b><\/strong>, 2447\u20132451 (2001).<\/p>\n

[2] Fang, T., Tao, N. & Lu, K. Revealing extraordinary intrinsic tensile plasticity in gradient nano-grained copper. Science 331, 1587\u20131590 (2011).<\/p>\n

[3] Thevamaran, R. et al. Dynamic creation and evolution of gradient nanostructure in single-crystal metallic microcubes. Science 354, 312\u2013316 (2016).<\/p>\n

[4] Cheng, Z., Zhou, H., Lu, Q., Gao, H. & Lu, L. Extra strengthening and work hardening in gradient nanotwinned metals. Science 362, eaau1925 (2018)<\/p>\n

[5] Lu, L., Chen, X., Huang, X. & Lu, K. Revealing the maximum strength in nano-twinned copper. Science 323, 607\u2013610 (2009).<\/p>\n

\u672c\u6587\u7531\u865a\u8c37\u7eb3\u7269\u4f9b\u7a3f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u672c\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3a\u4f5c\u8005\u72ec\u7acb\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u6750\u6599\u4eba\u7f51\u7acb\u573a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u672a\u7ecf\u5141\u8bb8\u4e0d\u5f97\u8f6c\u8f7d\uff0c\u6388\u6743\u4e8b\u5b9c\u8bf7\u8054\u7cfbkefu@cailiaoren.com\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b22\u8fce\u5927\u5bb6\u5230\u6750\u6599\u4eba\u5ba3\u4f20\u79d1\u6280\u6210\u679c\u5e76\u5bf9\u6587\u732e\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u5165\u89e3\u8bfb\uff0c\u6295\u7a3f\u90ae\u7bb1: tougao@cailiaoren.com.<\/p>\n

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