{"id":235475,"date":"2022-04-04T06:03:37","date_gmt":"2022-04-03T22:03:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/?p=235475"},"modified":"2022-04-03T23:13:02","modified_gmt":"2022-04-03T15:13:02","slug":"chemical-reviews%ef%bc%9a%e7%94%a8%e4%ba%8e%e7%a8%b3%e5%ae%9a%e7%a2%b1%e9%87%91%e5%b1%9e-%e7%a1%ab%ef%bc%88%e7%a1%92%ef%bc%89%e5%9f%ba%e7%94%b5%e6%b1%a0%e7%9a%84%e5%a4%9a%e5%8a%9f%e8%83%bd%e6%80%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/?p=235475","title":{"rendered":"Chemical Reviews\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u7a33\u5b9a\u78b1\u91d1\u5c5e-\u786b\uff08\u7852\uff09\u57fa\u7535\u6c60\u7684\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u9694\u819c\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u5c55"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-235477\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u72471.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"692\" height=\"251\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u72471.jpg 692w, http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u72471-300x109.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 692px) 100vw, 692px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u90dd\u5b8f\u660c<\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u8baf\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u90dd\u5b8f\u660c\uff0cDavid Mitlin<\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u8baf\u5355\u4f4d\uff1a\u5fb7\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u5965\u65af\u6c40\u5206\u6821<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u3010\u7efc\u8ff0\u80cc\u666f\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u9502\u79bb\u5b50\u7535\u6c60\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u78b1\u91d1\u5c5e-\u786b\uff08\u7852\uff09\u7535\u6c60\u6709\u671b\u63d0\u4f9b\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff0c\u5e76\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5177\u6709\u524d\u666f\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\u65b0\u578b\u50a8\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u3002\u4ee5Li-S\u7535\u6c60\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u53cc\u7535\u5b50\u53cd\u5e94\u673a\u7406 (S<sub>8<\/sub> + 16 e<sup>\u2212<\/sup> + 16 Li<sup>+<\/sup> \u2192 8 Li<sub>2<\/sub>S)\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b02600 Wh kg<sup>-1<\/sup>\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u80fd\u91cf\u5bc6\u5ea6\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u7814\u7a76\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff08\u5982\uff1a\u591a\u786b\u5316\u9502LiPSs\u7684\u201c\u7a7f\u68ad\u6548\u5e94\u201d\uff0c\u786b\u53cd\u5e94\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u8f83\u6162\uff0c\u91d1\u5c5e\u8d1f\u6781SEI\u6781\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u4e14\u6613\u53d1\u751f\u679d\u6676\u751f\u957f\u7b49\uff09\uff0cLi-S\u7535\u6c60\u4ec5\u4ec5\u80fd\u8868\u73b0\u51fa400-600 Wh kg<sup>-1<\/sup>\u7684\u8f83\u4f4e\u80fd\u91cf\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8f83\u5dee\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u5728Na-S\u548cK-S\u7535\u6c60\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u5f97\u66f4\u4e3a\u663e\u8457\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\u76ee\u524d\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8fd8\u5904\u5728\u975e\u5e38\u521d\u7ea7\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5728\u673a\u7406\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u8def\u4e0a\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8eS\uff0cSe\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u7535\u5bfc\u7387(1 \u00d7 10<sup>\u221211<\/sup> vs 0.5 \u00d7 10<sup>\u221227<\/sup> S m<sup>\u22121<\/sup>)\u4ee5\u53ca\u53cd\u5e94\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0eS\u7ed3\u5408\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u56fa\u6eb6\u4f53\u4f53\u7cfb\uff08Se<sub>x<\/sub>S<sub>y<\/sub>\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6b63\u6781\u6750\u6599\u3002\u4e3a\u6539\u5584\u78b1\u91d1\u5c5e-\u786b\uff08\u7852\uff09\u7535\u6c60\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u7814\u7a76\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u6b63\u8d1f\u6781\u6750\u6599\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u7c98\u7ed3\u5242\uff0c\u6db2\u6001\u6216\u56fa\u6001\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u9694\u819c\u3002\u6709\u9274\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u5fb7\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u5965\u65af\u6c40\u5206\u6821David Mitlin\u6559\u6388\u548c\u90dd\u5b8f\u660c\u535a\u58eb\u751f\u7b49\u4eba\u4ecb\u7ecd\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u6709\u5173\u78b1\u91d1\u5c5e-\u786b\uff08\u7852\uff09\u7535\u6c60\u7535\u5316\u5b66\uff0c\u6b63\u8d1f\u6781\u754c\u9762\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u9694\u819c\u6784\u6548\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u4e8eLi\/Na\/K-S\uff08Se\uff09\u7684\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u9694\u819c\/\u56fa\u6001\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u7c7b\u522b\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u673a\u7406\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u672a\u6765\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u4ee5\u201c<em>Review of Multifunctional Separators: Stabilizing the Cathode and the Anode for Alkali (Li, Na, and K) Metal\u2013Sulfur and Selenium Batteries<\/em>\u201d\u4e3a\u9898\uff0c\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u9876\u7ea7\u671f\u520a<strong><em>Chem. Rev.<\/em><\/strong>\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u3010\u5168\u6587\u89e3\u8bfb\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Li\/Na\/K-S<\/strong><strong>\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u53ca\u754c\u9762\u95ee\u9898<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Li\/Na\/K-S\u7535\u6c60\u53ef\u5206\u522b\u5728\u919a\u7c7b\u548c\u916f\u7c7b\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u4e2d\u5de5\u4f5c\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u56fe1\u5217\u4e3e\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7535\u6c60\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u5145\u653e\u7535\u66f2\u7ebf\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u56fe1a-c\u4e3aS<sub>8<\/sub>\u6b63\u6781\u5728\u919a\u7c7b\u7535\u89e3\u6db2\u5206\u522b\u4e0eLi, Na, K\u8d1f\u6781\u5339\u914d\u7684\u7535\u6c60\u5145\u653e\u7535\u66f2\u7ebf\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8eLi-S\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0cNa-S\u4e0eK-S\u7684\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u5e73\u53f0\u5e76\u4e0d\u663e\u8457\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u8f83\u4e3a\u503e\u659c\u7684\u5145\u653e\u7535\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5176\u5145\u653e\u7535\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u8fc7\u7535\u4f4d\u4e5f\u76f8\u6bd4Li-S\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u73b0\u8c61\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u7531\u4e8eNa-S\uff0cK-S\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u663e\u8457\u4f4e\u4e8eLi-S\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0cS\u6b63\u6781\u5728\u94be\u5316\uff08\u5f62\u6210K<sub>2<\/sub>S\uff09\u6216\u94a0\u5316\uff08Na<sub>2<\/sub>S\uff09\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u4f53\u79ef\u81a8\u80c0\u7387\uff08\u5206\u522b\u4e3a296%\uff0c171%\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u9502\u5316\uff08\u5f62\u6210Li<sub>2<\/sub>S\uff09\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8fd9\u4e00\u6570\u503c\u4ec5\u4e3a80%\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u94be\u79bb\u5b50\u7535\u6c60\u5728\u56fa\u6001\u6750\u6599\u4e2d\uff08\u5982\u786c\u70ad\uff0c\u78b2\u70ef\uff0c\u9ed1\u78f7\/\u77f3\u58a8\uff09\u4e2d\u8f83\u4e4b\u9502\u79bb\u5b50\u548c\u94a0\u79bb\u5b50\u5177\u6709\u4e09\u8005\u4e2d\u6700\u6162\u7684\u79bb\u5b50\u4f20\u8f93\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53d7\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u548c\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u53cc\u91cd\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c K-S\u7535\u6c60\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u7684\u653e\u7535\u8fd8\u539f\u4ea7\u7269\u5f80\u5f80\u4e3aK<sub>2<\/sub>S<sub>3<\/sub>\u800c\u975eK<sub>2<\/sub>S<sub>2<\/sub>\u6216\u8005K<sub>2<\/sub>S\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u7535\u6c60\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e5f\u8fdc\u8fdc\u4f4e\u4e8eLi-S\u548cNa-S\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002Li\/Na\/K-S\u7535\u6c60\u5728\u919a\u7c7b\u7535\u89e3\u6db2\u9075\u5faa\u201c\u56fa\u6001-\u6db2\u6001-\u56fa\u6001\u201d\u7684\u8f6c\u5316\u673a\u5236\u3002\u591a\u786b\u5316\u7269\uff08\u5982LiPSs\uff0cNaPSs\uff0cKPSs\uff09\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ea7\u7269\u6613\u6eb6\u89e3\u4e8e\u7535\u89e3\u6db2\uff0c\u5e76\u8fc1\u79fb\u7a7f\u8fc7\u9694\u819c\u8150\u8680\u8d1f\u6781\uff0c\u5728\u8d1f\u6781\u754c\u9762\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u5c42\u539a\u539a\u7684\u949d\u5316\u5c42\u4ece\u800c\u5f71\u54cd\u5176\u201c\u6790\u51fa-\u6c89\u79ef\u201d\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u94be\u79bb\u5b50\u5177\u6709\u4e09\u8005\u4e2d\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u6eb6\u5242\u5316\u80fd\u548c\u6eb6\u5242-\u79bb\u5b50\u7edc\u5408\u7269\u5c3a\u5bf8\uff0c\u591a\u786b\u5316\u94be\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u6eb6\u6db2\u6269\u6563\u7cfb\u6570\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cK-S\u7535\u6c60\u6613\u7ecf\u5386\u66f4\u52a0\u663e\u8457\u7684\u591a\u786b\u5316\u7269\u7a7f\u68ad\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5176\u5faa\u73af\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u8868\u89c2\u5bb9\u91cf\u8fdc\u8fdc\u4f4e\u4e8eLi-S\u548cNa-S\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u56fe<\/strong><strong>1 (a, b, c)<\/strong> S<sub>8<\/sub>\u6b63\u6781\u5728\u919a\u7c7b\u7535\u89e3\u6db2\u4e0eLi, Na, K\u8d1f\u6781\u5339\u914d\u7684\u7535\u6c60\u5145\u653e\u7535\u66f2\u7ebf\u56fe\uff1b<strong>(d, e, f)<\/strong> \u5c0f\u5206\u5b50S\uff08S<sub>2-4<\/sub>\uff09\u6b63\u6781\u5728\u916f\u7c7b\u7535\u89e3\u6db2\u4e0eLi, Na, K\u8d1f\u6781\u5339\u914d\u7684\u7535\u6c60\u5145\u653e\u7535\u66f2\u7ebf\u56fe\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-235478\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u72472.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1269\" height=\"691\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u72472.jpg 1269w, http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u72472-300x163.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u72472-768x418.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u72472-1024x558.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1269px) 100vw, 1269px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u56fe1d-e\u4e3a\u5c0f\u5206\u5b50S\uff08S<sub>2-4<\/sub>\uff09\u6b63\u6781\u5728\u916f\u7c7b\u7535\u89e3\u6db2\u5206\u522b\u4e0eLi, Na, K\u8d1f\u6781\u5339\u914d\u7684\u7535\u6c60\u5145\u653e\u7535\u66f2\u7ebf\uff0c\u9075\u5faa\u7740\u201c\u51c6\u56fa\u6001\u53cd\u5e94\u201d\u7684\u673a\u5236\u3002\u8fd1\u6765\u5bf9Na-S\u548cK-S\u7535\u6c60\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u63a2\u7d22\u53d1\u73b0\uff0cNaPSs\u4e0eKPSs\u4e0e\u916f\u7c7b\u6eb6\u5242\u5206\u5b50\u95f4\u7684\u526f\u53cd\u5e94\u7a0b\u5ea6\u76f8\u6bd4LiPSs\u6765\u8bf4\u8f83\u4e3a\u8f7b\u5fae\u3002\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u65b0\u578b\u7684\u6b63\u6781\u6750\u6599\u88ab\u5f00\u53d1\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u916f\u7c7b\u7535\u89e3\u6db2\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684Na-S\u548cK-S\u7535\u6c60\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5176\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7f13\u6162\u53ca\u591a\u786b\u5316\u7269\u6eb6\u89e3\u73b0\u8c61\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u7535\u6c60\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u91d1\u5c5e\u8d1f\u6781\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u679d\u6676\u751f\u957f\u4e3a\u5f71\u54cd\u7535\u6c60\u5bff\u547d\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5171\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u88ab\u63d0\u51fa\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u9502\u679d\u6676\u751f\u957f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u673a\u7406\uff0c\u5982\u7a7a\u95f4\u7535\u8377\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5176\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5bf9\u94a0\u548c\u94be\u4f53\u7cfb\u679d\u6676\u751f\u957f\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u5bf9\u94a0\u94be\u7269\u5316\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u601d\u8003\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff1a\u4e0d\u5747\u5300\/\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684Na-SEI\u6216K-SEI\u4f7f\u5f97Na\u6216K\u8d1f\u6781\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u975e\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u6d41\u548c\u6210\u6838\u4f4d\u70b9\uff0c\u4e14\u4f34\u968f\u7740SEI\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u201c\u6eb6\u89e3-\u7834\u88c2-\u518d\u751f\u201d\u5faa\u73af\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f62\u6210\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6b7b\u94a0\u6216\u8005\u6b7b\u94be\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5bfc\u81f4\u7535\u89e3\u6db2\u7684\u5267\u70c8\u6d88\u8017\u548c\u8d1f\u6781\u7684\u6076\u5316\u5931\u6548\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u540c\u6b63\u6781\u4e00\u6837\uff0cNa\u6216K\u8d1f\u6781\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e5f\u7ecf\u5386\u7740\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8eLi\u8d1f\u6781\u66f4\u52a0\u5267\u70c8\u7684\u4f53\u79ef\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5176\u76f8\u5e94\u7684SEI\u4e5f\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u53d1\u751f\u7834\u88c2\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u56fe<\/strong><strong>2 (a) <\/strong>\u7a7a\u95f4\u7535\u8377\u6a21\u578b; <strong>(b)<\/strong> SEI\u793a\u610f\u56fe; <strong>(c)<\/strong> Li\/\/Li, Na\/\/Na, and K\/\/K\u5bf9\u79f0\u7535\u6c60\u5f00\u8def\u7535\u538b\uff1b<strong>(d)<\/strong> Li\/\/Li, Na\/\/Na, and K\/\/K\u5bf9\u79f0\u7535\u6c60\u7535\u538b-\u65f6\u95f4\u66f2\u7ebf\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-235479\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u72473.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"692\" height=\"608\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u72473.jpg 692w, http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u72473-300x264.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 692px) 100vw, 692px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u9694\u819c\u6784\u6548\u5173\u7cfb\u53ca\u4f20\u7edf\u9694\u819c\u9650\u5236\u56e0\u7d20<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u9694\u819c\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u53ca\u9694\u819c-\u7535\u89e3\u6db2\u754c\u9762\u4f5c\u7528\u5f71\u54cd\u7740\u7535\u6c60\u4e2d\u7684\u79bb\u5b50\u5bfc\u7535\u7387\u3002\u9ad8\u79bb\u5b50\u5bfc\u7535\u7387\u548c\u9ad8\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u8fc1\u79fb\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u964d\u4f4e\u7535\u6c60\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u79bb\u5b50\u4f20\u5bfc\u7535\u963b\u548c\u8fc7\u7535\u4f4d\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b54\u9699\u7387(\u03b5)\u548c\u66f2\u6298\u5ea6(\u03c4)\u4ee3\u8868\u9694\u819c\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u51e0\u4f55\u6709\u6548\u7cfb\u6570(\u03b4<sub>geo,eff<\/sub>)\u3002\u5bf9\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u9694\u819c\u8fdb\u884c\u8868\u9762\u6d82\u8986\u4fee\u9970\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u964d\u4f4e\u03b5\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u03c4\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u963b\u788d\u7535\u6c60\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u79bb\u5b50\u4f20\u5bfc\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4e2d\u4ecd\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u9694\u819c\u548c\u7535\u89e3\u6db2\u7684\u754c\u9762\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u6781\u6027\u6750\u6599\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9694\u819c\u6d82\u5c42\u53ef\u4e0e\u7535\u89e3\u6db2\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5982C<sub>3<\/sub>N<sub>4<\/sub>\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0e\u9502\u7535\u7535\u89e3\u6db2\u4e2dLi<sup>+<\/sup>\u6210\u952e(Li-N\u952e)\u4fc3\u8fdb\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u7684\u53bb\u6eb6\u5242\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u964d\u4f4e\u8d1f\u6781\u96c6\u6d41\u4f53\u4e0a\u7684Li\u6c89\u79ef\u8fc7\u7535\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-235481\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u72474.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"195\" height=\"122\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u4f20\u7edf\u7684Celgard\u9694\u819c(\u5982PP, PE)\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u7535\u89e3\u6db2\u5b8c\u5168\u6da6\u6e7f\uff0c\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u5b54\u5f84\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u7535\u89e3\u6db2\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u90e8\u5206\u6216\u5b8c\u5168\u5206\u5e03\u586b\u5145\u5728\u9694\u819c\u5b54\u5f84\u5904\uff0c\u800c\u9694\u819c\u9aa8\u67b6\u4f4d\u70b9\u5219\u4e3a\u8d2b\u7535\u89e3\u6db2\u7684\u533a\u57df\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\u7279\u6027\u4f7f\u5f97\u5bfc\u5411\u8d1f\u6781\u754c\u9762\u5904\u7684\u79bb\u5b50\u6d41\u4e5f\u540c\u6837\u4e0d\u5747\u4e00\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f71\u54cd\u7740\u91d1\u5c5e\u7684\u6210\u6838\u548c\u751f\u957f\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0cCelgard\u9694\u819c\u5177\u6709\u4f4e\u79bb\u5b50\u7535\u5bfc\u7387\u548c\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u8fc1\u79fb\u6570(t<sup>+<\/sup>\uff0c&lt; 0.5)\u3002\u6839\u636e\u7a7a\u95f4\u7535\u8377\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4f4et<sup>+<\/sup>\u503c\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u4f4eSand\u2019s time (\u03c4)\u548c\u4f4e\u6781\u9650\u7535\u6d41(J<sub>lim<\/sub>)\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89d2\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u7684Celgard\u9694\u819c\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4e5f\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u91d1\u5c5e\u8d1f\u6781\u7684\u5747\u5300\u751f\u957f\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u4ece\u6b63\u6781\u89d2\u5ea6\u8bb2\uff0c\u9694\u819c\u7684\u5927\u5b54\u4e0d\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u963b\u6321\u53ef\u6eb6\u6027\u591a\u786b\u5316\u7269(PSs)\u6216\u591a\u7852\u5316\u7269(PSes)\u7684\u7a7f\u68ad\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-235482\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724723.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"260\" height=\"83\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u56fe<\/strong><strong>3 (a).<\/strong>\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u9694\u819c\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-235483\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u72475.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"692\" height=\"336\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u72475.jpg 692w, http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u72475-300x146.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 692px) 100vw, 692px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u57fa\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u9694\u819c\u5e94\u5f53\u5177\u5907\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7279\u70b9\uff1a1\uff09\u4f18\u5f02\u7684\u7535\u89e3\u6db2\u6da6\u6e7f\u6027\uff1b2\uff09\u6291\u5236\u591a\u786b\uff08\u7852\uff09\u5316\u7269\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u7a7f\u68ad\uff1b3\uff09\u50ac\u5316\u6b63\u6781\u8f6c\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\uff1b4\uff09\u5747\u5300\u4f20\u5bfc\u7535\u89e3\u6db2\u4e2d\u7684\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\uff1b5\uff09\u6291\u5236\u679d\u6676\u751f\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e<\/strong><strong>S\/Se<\/strong><strong>\u6b63\u6781\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u9694\u819c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6291\u5236PSs\/PSes\u7a7f\u68ad<\/p>\n<p>\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u9694\u819c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7269\u7406\u9650\u57df\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u4f5c\u7528\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u9759\u7535\u6392\u65a5\u4e09\u4e2a\u673a\u5236\u6765\u6291\u5236PSs\/PSes\u7684\u8fc1\u79fb\u6269\u6563\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u589e\u52a0\u6d82\u5c42\u539a\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u9694\u819c\u5b54\u9699\u7387(\u03b5)\u548c\u63d0\u5347\u66f2\u6298\u5ea6(\u03c4)\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u597d\u7684PSs\/PSes\u963b\u6321\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u7535\u6c60\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u79bb\u5b50\u4f20\u5bfc\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u6216\u4f1a\u88ab\u727a\u7272\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5f71\u54cd\u7535\u6c60\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\u548c\u500d\u7387\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u5229\u7528\u8d1f\u7535\u8377\u7684\u57fa\u56e2\u5982SO<sup>3\u2212<\/sup>, COO<sup>\u2212<\/sup>, \u548cCO<sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u7b49\u5bf9\u9694\u819c\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u9970\uff0c\u53ef\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6709\u6548\u6291\u5236\u6d3b\u6027\u7269\u7684\u8fc1\u79fb\u635f\u5931\uff0c\u4e14\u540c\u65f6\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u79bb\u5b50\u7535\u5bfc\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u56fe<\/strong><strong>4. (a,b) <\/strong>\u57fa\u4e8e\u7269\u7406\u9650\u57df\u4f5c\u7528\u7684MOF@GO\u9694\u819c\u53caSEM\u56fe\uff1b<strong>(c) <\/strong>GO\u4fee\u9970\u7684\u9694\u819cSEM\u56fe\uff1b<strong>(d) <\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u57fa\u4e8eMOF@GO\u9694\u819c\u7684LiPSs\u6e17\u900f\u5b9e\u9a8c; <strong>(e)<\/strong> \u57fa\u4e8eGO\u9694\u819c\u7684LiPSs\u6e17\u900f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-235484\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u72476.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"692\" height=\"401\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u72476.jpg 692w, http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u72476-300x174.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 692px) 100vw, 692px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u56fe<\/strong><strong>5. (a, b)<\/strong>\u57fa\u4e8e\u9759\u7535\u6392\u65a5\u4f5c\u7528\u7684rGO@SL\/PP\u9694\u819c\u7ed3\u6784;<strong> (c)<\/strong>\u57fa\u4e8ePP, rGO\/PP, rGO@SL\/PP\u9694\u819c\u7684\u9502\u786b\u7535\u6c60\u5faa\u73af\u6027\u80fd\u5bf9\u6bd4;<strong> (d)<\/strong>\u4e0d\u540c\u4f4d\u70b9\u5904\u7684Li<sub>2<\/sub>S<sub>8<\/sub>\u6d53\u5ea6\u5206\u5e03\u53ca\u62c9\u66fc\u4fe1\u53f7\u8c31\u56fe;<strong> (e)<\/strong> \u57fa\u4e8ePP, rGO\/PP, rGO@SL\/PP\u7684\u9502\u786b\u7535\u6c60\u5faa\u73af\u540e\u7684\u9694\u819c\u53ca\u8d1f\u6781\u5bf9\u6bd4\u56fe\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-235485\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u72477.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"692\" height=\"398\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u72477.jpg 692w, http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u72477-300x173.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 692px) 100vw, 692px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u4fc3\u8fdb\u754c\u9762\u7535\u5b50\/\u79bb\u5b50\u8f6c\u79fb<\/p>\n<p>\u5bfc\u7535\u6027\u6750\u6599\u5982\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u3001\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7b49\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9694\u819c\u6d82\u5c42\u53ef\u5728\u6b63\u6781-\u9694\u819c\u754c\u9762\u5904\u6784\u5efa\u4f18\u5f02\u7684\u4e09\u7ef4\u5bfc\u7535\u7f51\u7edc\u3002\u8fd9\u5c42\u5d4c\u5165\u7684\u6b21\u7ea7\u96c6\u6d41\u4f53\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u6d3b\u5316\u9694\u819c\u4e0a\u6355\u83b7\u7684PSs\/PSes\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u754c\u9762\u7d2f\u79ef\u7684\u949d\u5316\u5c42\uff08\u5982Li<sub>2<\/sub>S\uff09\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u754c\u9762\u7535\u963b\u3002\u5c06\u786b\u6d46\u6599\u76f4\u63a5\u6d82\u8986\u5728\u5177\u6709\u5bfc\u7535\u6d82\u5c42\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u9694\u819c\u4e0a\u66ff\u4ee3\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u201c\u9694\u819c+S+\u96c6\u6d41\u4f53\u201d\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u5347\u7535\u6c60\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u5bc6\u5ea6\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u754c\u9762\u5904\u7684\u79bb\u5b50\u4f20\u5bfc\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f18\u5316\u9694\u819c-\u7535\u89e3\u6db2\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u800c\u88ab\u4fc3\u8fdb\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u56fe<\/strong><strong>6.<\/strong>\u5bfc\u7535\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u9694\u819c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6b21\u7ea7\u96c6\u6d41\u4f53\u7684\u673a\u7406\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-235487\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u72478.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"522\" height=\"687\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u72478.jpg 522w, http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u72478-228x300.jpg 228w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 522px) 100vw, 522px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u50ac\u5316S\/Se\u53cd\u5e94\u52a8\u529b\u5b66<\/p>\n<p>\u5177\u6709\u50ac\u5316\u6d3b\u6027\u7684\u9694\u819c\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u5982\u5229\u7528\u786b\u5316\u7269\uff0c\u7852\u5316\u7269\uff0c\u6c2e\u5316\u7269\u7b49\u5177\u6709\u4f18\u5f02\u5bfc\u7535\u7387\u548c\u50ac\u5316\u7279\u6027\u7684\u6750\u6599\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6d82\u5c42\u3002\u65b0\u578b\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u5982\u7a7a\u4f4d\u5de5\u7a0b\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u5355\u539f\u5b50\u50ac\u5316\u5242\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6784\u5efa\u5f02\u8d28\u7ed3\u7b49\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9Li-S\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u8c03\u63a7\u3002\u7136\u800c\u9762\u5411Na-S, K-S\u7535\u6c60\u4ee5\u53ca\u8d2b\u7535\u89e3\u6db2Li-S\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u6027\u9694\u819c\u8fd8\u5c1a\u672a\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u7406\u89e3\u5176\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u673a\u7406\u51fa\u53d1\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5faa\u73af\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9694\u819c\u4e0a\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u7684\u7269\u76f8\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u6f14\u5316\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u8868\u5f81\u624b\u6bb5\u5982HAADF-STEM\uff0cEELS\uff0cXPS\u7b49\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u7406\u89e3\u7535\u6c60\u548c\u9694\u819c\u7684\u5931\u6548\u673a\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u56fe<\/strong><strong>7. (a, b)<\/strong> MoN-G\/PP\u9694\u819c\u4e0eLiPSs\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528;<strong> (c)<\/strong>\u57fa\u4e8ePP, G\/PP, MoN-G\/PP\u9694\u819c\u7684\u9502\u786b\u7535\u6c60\u5145\u7535\u66f2\u7ebf;<strong> (d)<\/strong> Sb<sub>2<\/sub>Se<sub>3<\/sub>, Sb<sub>2<\/sub>Se<sub>3<\/sub>\/rGO, \u53caSb<sub>2<\/sub>Se<sub>3\u2212x<\/sub>\/rGO\u7684EPR\u8c31\u56fe;<strong> (e, f)<\/strong> \u57fa\u4e8eSb<sub>2<\/sub>Se<sub>3<\/sub>, Sb<sub>2<\/sub>Se<sub>3<\/sub>\/rGO, \u53caSb<sub>2<\/sub>Se<sub>3\u2212x<\/sub>\/rGO\u4fee\u9970\u9694\u819c\u7684\u5bf9\u79f0\u7535\u6c60\u7684CV\u53ca\u963b\u6297\u56fe; <strong>(g)<\/strong> \u57fa\u4e8eSb<sub>2<\/sub>Se<sub>3<\/sub>, Sb<sub>2<\/sub>Se<sub>3<\/sub>\/rGO, \u53caSb<sub>2<\/sub>Se<sub>3\u2212x<\/sub>\/rGO\u4fee\u9970\u9694\u819c\u7684\u9502\u786b\u7535\u6c60\u6027\u80fd\u5bf9\u6bd4\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-235488\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u72479.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"692\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u72479.jpg 692w, http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u72479-300x232.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 692px) 100vw, 692px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u56fe<\/strong><strong>8. (a)<\/strong>\u5e94\u7528\u4e8eNa-S\u7535\u6c60\u7684Janus\u50ac\u5316\u6027\u9694\u819c\u5408\u6210\u53ca\u673a\u7406\u793a\u610f\u56fe; <strong>(b)<\/strong> \u57fa\u4e8ePMTFSINa-PP\u9694\u819c\uff0cJanus\u50ac\u5316\u6027\u9694\u819c\u7684\u5bf9\u79f0\u7535\u6c60\u7684CV; <strong>(c)<\/strong> \u57fa\u4e8e\u73bb\u7ea4\u9694\u819c\uff0cPMTFSINa-PP\u9694\u819c\uff0cJanus\u50ac\u5316\u6027\u9694\u819c\u7684\u94a0\u786b\u7535\u6c60\u500d\u7387\u6027\u80fd\u5bf9\u6bd4\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-235489\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724710.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"692\" height=\"392\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724710.jpg 692w, http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724710-300x170.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 692px) 100vw, 692px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u56fe<\/strong><strong>9. (a-e)<\/strong> \u5bf9Ti<sub>3<\/sub>C<sub>2<\/sub>T<sub>x<\/sub>\u6c34\u70ed\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u95f4\u6240\u5f97\u6837\u54c1\u7684SEM\u56fe; <strong>(f)<\/strong> \u5bf9Ti<sub>3<\/sub>C<sub>2<\/sub>T<sub>x<\/sub>\u6c34\u70ed\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u95f4\u6240\u5f97\u6837\u54c1\u7684XRD\u8c31\u56fe;<strong> (g) <\/strong>Li<sub>2<\/sub>S<sub>6<\/sub>\u5438\u9644\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff1b<strong>(h)<\/strong> (i) \u5355\u8d28S\uff0c(ii) Ti<sub>3<\/sub>C<sub>2<\/sub>T<sub>x<\/sub>(0 h)-GN\u5faa\u73af200\u5708\u540e\uff0c\u53ca(iii) Ti<sub>3<\/sub>C<sub>2<\/sub>T<sub>x<\/sub>(4h)-GN\u5faa\u73af200\u5708\u540e\u7684S2p XPS\u8c31\u56fe;<strong> (i)<\/strong> \u57fa\u4e8eGN, Ti<sub>3<\/sub>C<sub>2<\/sub>T<sub>x<\/sub>(0 h)-GN\uff0cTi<sub>3<\/sub>C<sub>2<\/sub>T<sub>x<\/sub>(4 h)-GN\u548cTi<sub>3<\/sub>C<sub>2<\/sub>T<sub>x<\/sub>(8 h)-GN\u9694\u819c\u7684\u5bf9\u79f0\u7535\u6c60\u7684CV\u56fe; <strong>(g)<\/strong> \u4f7f\u7528GN, Ti<sub>3<\/sub>C<sub>2<\/sub>T<sub>x<\/sub>(0 h)-GN\uff0cTi<sub>3<\/sub>C<sub>2<\/sub>T<sub>x<\/sub>(4 h)-GN\u548cTi<sub>3<\/sub>C<sub>2<\/sub>T<sub>x<\/sub>(8 h)-GN\u9694\u819c\u7684\u9502\u786b\u7535\u6c60\u5faa\u73af\u6027\u80fd\u5bf9\u6bd4\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-235490\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724711.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"692\" height=\"558\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724711.jpg 692w, http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724711-300x242.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 692px) 100vw, 692px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e<\/strong><strong>Li\/Na\/K<\/strong><strong>\u8d1f\u6781\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u9694\u819c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6539\u5584\u754c\u9762\u7684\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u4f20\u5bfc\u7279\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u8c03\u63a7\u9694\u819c\u5b54\u9699\u7387(\u03b5)\uff0c\u66f2\u6298\u5ea6(\u03c4)\u53ca\u9694\u819c-\u7535\u89e3\u6db2\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u7a7a\u95f4\u5206\u5e03\u548c\u4f20\u5bfc\u901f\u7387\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u6539\u5584\u8d1f\u6781\u754c\u9762\u5904\u7684\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u4f20\u5bfc\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u6781\u6027\u6750\u6599\u5982Al<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>3<\/sub>\uff0cC<sub>3<\/sub>N<sub>4<\/sub>\uff0cSiO<sub>2<\/sub>\uff0c \u805a\u4e19\u70ef\u9170\u80fa\u7b49\u7ec4\u5206\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u9694\u819c\u7684\u6da6\u6e7f\u6027\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u7535\u89e3\u6db2\u7684\u63a5\u89e6\u89d2\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u5347\u8d1f\u6781\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u5bf9\u9694\u819c\u901a\u9053\u8fdb\u884c\u9634\u79bb\u5b50\u4fee\u9970\uff08\u5982Nafion\u819c\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8t<sup>+<\/sup>\u503c\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8Sand\u2019s time (\u03c4)\u548c\u8d1f\u6781\u6781\u9650\u7535\u6d41(J<sub>lim<\/sub>)\u3002\u5229\u7528\u540c\u4e00\u6216\u4e0d\u540c\u6750\u6599\u5bf9\u9694\u819c\u4e24\u4fa7\u5206\u522b\u6d82\u5c42\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6784\u5efaJanus\u9694\u819c\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u91d1\u5c5e-\u786b\u7535\u6c60\u6b63\u8d1f\u6781\u754c\u9762\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u5982PP\/2D VS<sub>2<\/sub>\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u56fe<\/strong><strong>10. (a)<\/strong> GO-g-PAM\u5206\u5b50\u5237\u5408\u6210\u793a\u610f\u56fe; <strong>(b)<\/strong> \u4f7f\u7528PP\u548cGO-g-PAM@PP\u9694\u819c\u7684\u9502\u5bf9\u79f0\u7535\u6c60\u5faa\u73af\u6027\u80fd\u5bf9\u6bd4; <strong>(c)<\/strong> \u5faa\u73af\u524dLi\u91d1\u5c5e\uff0c\u548c\u4f7f\u7528PP\u6216GO-g-PAM@PP\u9694\u819c\u5faa\u73af\u540e\u7684Li\u8d1f\u6781 SEM\u56fe\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-235491\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724712.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1269\" height=\"648\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724712.jpg 1269w, http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724712-300x153.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724712-768x392.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724712-1024x523.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1269px) 100vw, 1269px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u56fe<\/strong><strong>11. (a)<\/strong>\u53ef\u8f6c\u79fb\u7684C<sub>3<\/sub>N<sub>4<\/sub>\u819c\u5e94\u7528\u4e8eLi\u8d1f\u6781\u4fee\u9970; <strong>(b)<\/strong>\u672a\u4fee\u9970Li\u4e0eC<sub>3<\/sub>N<sub>4<\/sub>-Li\u7535\u6781\u7684\u7535\u89e3\u6db2\u63a5\u89e6\u89d2\u5bf9\u6bd4; <strong>(c)<\/strong> Li\u76d0\u5904\u7406\u524d\u3001\u540e\u7684C<sub>3<\/sub>N<sub>4<\/sub>\u7684N 1s XPS\u8c31\u56fe\uff1b<strong>(d)<\/strong> Li\u76d0\u5904\u7406\u540e\u7684C<sub>3<\/sub>N<sub>4<\/sub>\u7684Li 1s XPS\u8c31\u56fe;<strong> (e)<\/strong> \u4f7f\u7528\u672a\u4fee\u9970Li\u4e0eC<sub>3<\/sub>N<sub>4<\/sub>-Li\u7535\u6781\u7684\u975e\u5bf9\u79f0\u7535\u6c60\u6210\u6838\u8fc7\u7535\u4f4d\u5bf9\u6bd4\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-235492\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724713.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"692\" height=\"403\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724713.jpg 692w, http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724713-300x175.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 692px) 100vw, 692px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4fdd\u62a4\u5c42\u548c\u4fee\u9970SEI<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e9b\u521a\u6027\u6750\u6599\u5982Al<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>3<\/sub>\uff0cMoS<sub>2<\/sub>\uff0cSiO<sub>2<\/sub>\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u5f39\u6027\u6a21\u91cf\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u6291\u5236\u679d\u6676\u523a\u7a7f\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u4f5c\u8005\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5176\u4fdd\u62a4\u673a\u5236\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5bf9\u8d1f\u6781\u8868\u9762SEI\u7684\u6539\u6027\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u5f15\u5165\u4eba\u5de5SEI\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u5982ALD, CVD\uff09\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u9694\u819c\u6765\u8fdb\u884cSEI\u7684\u8c03\u63a7\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u6e29\u548c\uff0c\u53ef\u63a7\u548c\u666e\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u9694\u819c\u6d82\u5c42\u4f1a\u5d4c\u5165\u672c\u5f81\u7684SEI\u5c42\u5f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6539\u5584\u5176\u673a\u68b0\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u79bb\u5b50\u5bfc\u7535\u6027\u548c\u5316\u5b66\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u4ee5K\u91d1\u5c5e\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u94be\u8fdc\u8fdc\u6bd4\u9502\u548c\u94a0\u66f4\u4e3a\u6d3b\u6cfc\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5176\u7194\u70b9\u53ea\u670964\u2103\uff0c\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684ALD\u6216CVD\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u8868\u9762\u4fee\u9970\u3002\u800c\u5728\u7535\u89e3\u6db2\u4e2d\u5f15\u5165FEC\u6dfb\u52a0\u5242\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u50cfLi\u6216\u8005Na\u91d1\u5c5e\u4f53\u7cfb\u5b9e\u73b0SEI\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u548c\u679d\u6676\u6291\u5236\u3002Mitlin\u56e2\u961f\u5229\u7528AlF<sub>3<\/sub>@PP\u9694\u819c\u6709\u6548\u4fee\u9970\u4e86K\u8868\u9762\u7684SEI\uff0c\u5f15\u5165\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684KF\u548cAl<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>3<\/sub>\u76f8\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u9694\u819c\u826f\u597d\u7684\u7535\u89e3\u6db2\u6d78\u6da6\u6027\u4e5f\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86K\u7684\u5747\u5300\u6c89\u79ef\/\u6eb6\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u56fe<\/strong><strong>12. (a)<\/strong> \u57fa\u4e8e\u78fa\u5316\u6728\u7d20\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u9694\u819c\uff0c\u53ca\u5176\u8bf1\u5bfc\u5f62\u6210\u7684L-SEI\u5bf9Li\u6c89\u79ef\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u793a\u610f\u56fe; <strong>(b, c)<\/strong>\u7535\u89e3\u6db2\u8bf1\u5bfc\u7684E-SEI\u4e0e\u529f\u80fd\u9694\u819c\u8bf1\u5bfc\u7684L-SEI S 2p \u4e0eC 1s XPS\u8c31\u56fe\u5bf9\u6bd4\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-235493\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724714.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"397\" height=\"308\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724714.jpg 397w, http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724714-300x233.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 397px) 100vw, 397px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u56fe<\/strong><strong>13.<\/strong> <strong>(a<\/strong><strong>\uff0c<\/strong><strong>b) <\/strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u672a\u4fee\u9970Na\u91d1\u5c5e\u7535\u6781\u6216PMMA\/\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u819c\u4fee\u9970\u7684Na\u91d1\u5c5e\u7535\u6781\u7684\u5bf9\u79f0\u7535\u6c60\u5faa\u73af\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u5faa\u73af\u540eEIS\u8c31\u5bf9\u6bd4; <strong>(c) <\/strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u9502\u6d3b\u5316\u7684SnS-\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u4ea4\u66ff\u7eb3\u7c73\u5c42\u5b9e\u73b0\u78b3\u9178\u916f\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u4e2d\u8584\u91d1\u5c5e\u94a0\u8d1f\u6781\u7684\u65e0\u679d\u6676\u5faa\u73af\u793a\u610f\u56fe\uff1b<strong>(d)<\/strong> \u57fa\u4e8eA-SnS-G\u3001Sn-G\u819c\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u94a0\u91d1\u5c5e\u8d1f\u6781\u548c\u9502\u6d3b\u5316-\u94a0\uff08A-Na\uff09\u3001\u7eafNa\u91d1\u5c5e\u8d1f\u6781\u7684\u5bf9\u79f0\u7535\u6c60\u57281 mA cm<sup>-2<\/sup>\u7535\u6d41\u5bc6\u5ea6\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u7684\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u80fd\uff1b(e) A-SnS-G\u548cSnS-G\u7684C 1s XPS\u5149\u8c31\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u9502\u6d3b\u5316\u5f15\u5165\u76f8\u5f53\u542b\u91cf\u7684Li<sub>2<\/sub>CO<sub>3<\/sub>\uff1b(f) A-SnS-G\u7684F 1s\u548cLi 1s XPS\u5149\u8c31\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u9502\u6d3b\u5316\u5f15\u5165\u5927\u91cfLiF\u3001Li<sub>2<\/sub>CO<sub>3<\/sub>\u3001ROCO<sub>2<\/sub>-Li\u7b49\u9502\u57faSEI\u6210\u5206\u8fdb\u5165\u8868\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-235494\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724715.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"692\" height=\"517\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724715.jpg 692w, http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724715-300x224.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 692px) 100vw, 692px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u56fe<\/strong><strong>14.<\/strong> AlF<sub>3<\/sub>@PP\u9694\u819c\u5bf9\u94be\u8d1f\u6781\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002<strong>(a, b) <\/strong>\u4f7f\u7528AlF<sub>3<\/sub>@PP\u4e0ePP\u9694\u819c\u7684\u534a\u7535\u6c60\u5728\u5faa\u73af100\u5708\u540e\u7684K\u6c89\u79ef\u7684 Cryo-FIB SEM\u622a\u9762\u56fe; <strong>(c, d) <\/strong>\u4f7f\u7528AlF<sub>3<\/sub>@PP\u548cPP\u9694\u819c\u7684\u534a\u7535\u6c60\u5728\u5faa\u73af20\u5708\u540eK\u6eb6\u89e3\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5149\u5b66\u7167\u7247\uff1b<strong>(e)<\/strong> \u4f7f\u7528AlF<sub>3<\/sub>@PP\u9694\u819c\u7684\u534a\u7535\u6c60\u5728\u5faa\u73af20\u5708\u540e\u7684\u6c89\u79efK\u7684 F1s, Al 2p XPS\u8c31, \u8868\u660eAlF<sub>3<\/sub>@PP\u9694\u819c\u5f15\u5165\u5927\u91cfAlF<sub>3<\/sub>\u3001KF \u548c Al<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>3<\/sub>\u7b49SEI\u6210\u5206\u8fdb\u5165\u8868\u9762; <strong>(f)<\/strong> \u4f7f\u7528AlF<sub>3<\/sub>@PP\u548cPP\u7684\u5168\u7535\u6c60\u5faa\u73af\u540e\u8d1f\u6781\u4fa7\u7684\u5f62\u8c8cSEM\u56fe\u53caEDS\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-235496\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724716.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"692\" height=\"568\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724716.jpg 692w, http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724716-300x246.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 692px) 100vw, 692px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u63a7\u5236\u6210\u6838\u4f4d\u70b9<\/p>\n<p>\u4eb2\u9502\u4f4d\u70b9\uff08\u5982Cu\uff0cMg, Pt, Ag\uff09\u6216\u4eb2\u94a0\u4f4d\u70b9\uff08Sn\uff09\u53ef\u88ab\u4fee\u9970\u4e8e\u9694\u819c\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e76\u8bf1\u5bfc\u9762\u5411\u8d1f\u6781\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c89\u79ef\u548c\u751f\u957f\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u53cd\u5411\u7684\u6c89\u79ef\u65b9\u5411\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u679d\u6676\u523a\u7a7f\u9694\u819c\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u9694\u819c\u826f\u597d\u7684\u7535\u89e3\u6db2\u6d78\u6da6\u6027\u6216\u5bfc\u70ed\u6027\u4e5f\u88ab\u8bc1\u660e\u53ef\u4fc3\u8fdb\u91d1\u5c5e\u7684\u5747\u5300\u6210\u6838\u548c\u6c89\u79ef\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u56fe<\/strong><strong>15.<\/strong> <strong>(a) <\/strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u529f\u80fd\u5316\u7eb3\u7c73\u78b3\u4fee\u9970\u9694\u819c\u63a7\u5236\u6210\u6838\u4f4d\u70b9\uff0c\u548c\u4fdd\u62a4\u9502\u8d1f\u6781\u7684\u673a\u7406\u793a\u610f\u56fe; <strong>(b) <\/strong>0 s, 58 s, 83 s, 95 s, 106 s\u53ca114 s\u65f6\u7684\u539f\u4f4dTEM\u56fe\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-235497\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724717.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"692\" height=\"638\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724717.jpg 692w, http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724717-300x277.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 692px) 100vw, 692px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u57fa\u4e8e\u65e0\u673a\u56fa\u6001\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u7684<\/strong><strong>Li\/Na\/K-S<\/strong><strong>\u7535\u6c60<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u5177\u6709\u4f18\u5f02\u7684\u5ba4\u6e29\u79bb\u5b50\u5bfc\u7535\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u70ed\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u56fa\u4f53\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\uff08SSEs\uff09\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5f00\u53d1\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\u9ad8\u80fd\u91cf\u5bc6\u5ea6\u7535\u6c60\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u6700\u6709\u524d\u9014\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u65e0\u673a\u7684SSEs\uff0c\u4e24\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4f53\u7cfb\u88ab\u5e94\u7528\u4e8eLi\/Na\/K-S\u5168\u7535\u6c60\uff1a\u5168\u56fa\u6001\u7535\u6c60\u4e0e\u51c6\u56fa\u6001\u7535\u6c60\u3002\u5728\u5168\u56fa\u6001\u7535\u6c60\u4e2d\uff0cS\u7ecf\u5386\u201c\u56fa-\u56fa\u201d\u53cd\u5e94\u8fc7\u7a0b\u76f4\u63a5\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u8fd8\u539f\u4ea7\u7269\u3002\u5728\u51c6\u56fa\u6001\u7535\u6c60\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\uff0c\u6db2\u6001\u7535\u89e3\u6db2\u6216\u8005\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u88ab\u5f15\u5165\uff0c\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c0f\u6b63\u8d1f\u6781\u7684\u754c\u9762\u963b\u6297\u3002\u6b64\u65f6S\u8f6c\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\u5728\u6db2\u6001\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u7ecf\u5386\u591a\u786b\u5316\u7269\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u4e0e\u8f6c\u5316\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u56fa\u6001\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u5177\u6709\u4f18\u5f02\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6e17\u900f\u6027\uff08t<sup>+<\/sup>\u22481\uff09\uff0c\u591a\u786b\u5316\u7269\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u7a7f\u8fc7\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u6269\u6563\u5230\u8d1f\u6781\u4e00\u4fa7\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u5728\u54ea\u4e00\u79cd\u7535\u6c60\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u591a\u786b\u5316\u7269\u7684\u7a7f\u68ad\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u4e0d\u518d\u663e\u8457\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u56fa\u6001\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u7684\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u754c\u9762\u963b\u6297\u6210\u4e3a\u9650\u5236\u5f71\u54cdLi\/Na\/K-S\u7535\u6c60\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u56fe<\/strong><strong>16.<\/strong> \u57fa\u4e8eLATP\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u7684\u51c6\u56fa\u6001Li-S\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-235498\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724718.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"589\" height=\"302\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724718.jpg 589w, http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724718-300x154.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 589px) 100vw, 589px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u65e0\u673a\u56fa\u6001\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u4e0e\u786b\u5316\u7269\u4e24\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u3002SSEs\u4e0e\u91d1\u5c5e\u8d1f\u6781\u6216\u6b63\u6781\u7684\u754c\u9762\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u754c\u9762\uff1b\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u754c\u9762\u53ca\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u754c\u9762\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8d1f\u6781\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u6c27\u5316\u7269\uff08\u9664Al<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>3<\/sub>\u4ee5\u5916\uff09\u548c\u786b\u5316\u7269\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u90fd\u975e\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u5982Li<sub>1.2<\/sub>Al<sub>0.2<\/sub>Ti<sub>1.8<\/sub>(PO<sub>4<\/sub>)<sub>3<\/sub> (LATP)\uff0cLi<sub>1.5<\/sub>Al<sub>0.5<\/sub>Ge<sub>1.5<\/sub>(PO<sub>4<\/sub>)<sub>3<\/sub> (LAGP)\u7b49\u5bf9\u786b\u6b63\u6781\u4e5f\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\uff1aLiPSs\u53ef\u8fd8\u539f\u5176\u4e2d\u7684Ti<sup>4+<\/sup>\u6216Ge<sup>4+<\/sup>\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u53cd\u5e94\u6027\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u79bb\u5b50\/\u7535\u5b50\u5bfc\u7535\u754c\u9762\uff08MCI\uff09\u3002MCI\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u81ea\u53d1\u949d\u5316\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e0d\u65ad\u4fc3\u8fdb\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u5176\u6676\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u4ea7\u751f\u5fae\u7a7a\u9699\u4ece\u800c\u5931\u53bb\u5bf9LiPSs\u7684\u963b\u6321\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u786b\u5316\u7269\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5728\u786b\u6b63\u6781\u5de5\u4f5c\u7535\u538b\u533a\u95f4\u5185SSEs\u4e5f\u7ecf\u5386\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u6c27\u5316\u8fd8\u539f\u5e76\u8d21\u732e\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u662f\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u786b\u5316\u7269SSEs\u4e0e\u786b\u6b63\u6781\u7684\u754c\u9762\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u56fe<\/strong><strong>17<\/strong>. SSEs\u548c\u91d1\u5c5e\u8d1f\u6781\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e09\u79cd\u754c\u9762\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a<strong>(a) <\/strong>\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7a33\u5b9a\u754c\u9762\uff0c<strong>(b) <\/strong>\u53cd\u5e94\u6027\u6df7\u5408\u79bb\u5b50\/\u7535\u5b50\u5bfc\u7535\u754c\u9762\uff08MCI\uff09\u548c<strong> (c) <\/strong>\u5177\u6709\u4f4e\u90e8\u5206\u7535\u5b50\u5bfc\u7535\u6027\u7684\u4e9a\u7a33\u3001\u8fd0\u52a8\u7a33\u5b9a\u56fa\u4f53\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u754c\u9762\uff08SEI\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-235499\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724719.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"692\" height=\"203\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724719.jpg 692w, http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724719-300x88.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 692px) 100vw, 692px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u57fa\u4e8e\u65e0\u673a\u56fa\u6001\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u7684Li\/Na\/K-S\u7535\u6c60\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u6539\u6027\u4e3b\u8981\u9488\u5bf9\u4e8e\u964d\u4f4e\u754c\u9762\u7535\u963b\u4e0e\u63d0\u9ad8\u754c\u9762\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5408\u91d1\u8d1f\u6781\u6216\u8005\u5bf9\u786b\u5316\u7269\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u63ba\u6742\u6539\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u5176\u754c\u9762\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u53bb\u9664\u77f3\u69b4\u77f3LLZO\u8868\u9762\u7684Li<sub>2<\/sub>CO<sub>3<\/sub>\u949d\u5316\u5c42\u6216\u8005\u4fee\u9970\u5f15\u5165\u4eb2\u9502\u7684\u754c\u9762\u5c42\uff08\u5982Al<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>3<\/sub>, Sb, ZnO\uff09\u53ef\u63d0\u9ad8\u9502\u5bf9\u5176\u8868\u9762\u7684\u6da6\u6e7f\u6027\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6709\u6548\u964d\u4f4e\u754c\u9762\u963b\u6297\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u56fe<\/strong><strong>18<\/strong>. <strong>(a) <\/strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u9000\u706b\u7145\u70e7\u6cd5\u5408\u6210Na<sub>2<\/sub>S\/Na<sub>3<\/sub>PS<sub>4<\/sub>\/C\u590d\u5408\u6b63\u6781; <strong>(b) <\/strong>Na<sub>2<\/sub>S\/Na<sub>3<\/sub>PS<sub>4<\/sub>\/C\u590d\u5408\u6b63\u6781\u793a\u610f\u56fe\uff1b<strong>(c) <\/strong>\u57fa\u4e8e\u7403\u78e8\u6cd5\u6216\u9000\u706b\u7145\u70e7\u6cd5\u5408\u6210\u7684Na<sub>2<\/sub>S\/Na<sub>3<\/sub>PS<sub>4<\/sub>\/C\u590d\u5408\u6b63\u6781\u5728\u5168\u56fa\u6001Na-S\u7535\u6c60\u4e2d\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u6027\u80fd\u5bf9\u6bd4\u56fe\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-235500\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724720.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"554\" height=\"258\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724720.jpg 554w, http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724720-300x140.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 554px) 100vw, 554px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u601d\u8003\u4e0e\u5c55\u671b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u4f18\u5f02\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u9694\u819c\u88ab\u5f00\u53d1\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6539\u5584Li\/Na\/K-S\/Se\u7535\u6c60\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u8ddd\u79bb\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4ecd\u6709\u5f88\u957f\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\u8ddd\u79bb\u3002\u9762\u5411\u5546\u4e1a\u5316\u7684\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u9694\u819c\u9700\u8981\u6709\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u6d82\u5c42\u9762\u8f7d\u91cf\uff08&lt; 0.1mg cm<sup>-2<\/sup>\uff09\u4e0e\u751f\u4ea7\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u5176\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4f53\u7cfb\u5e94\u4e3a\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u786b\u8f7d\u91cf\uff0c\u8d2b\u7535\u89e3\u6db2\uff0c\u8d85\u8584\u91d1\u5c5e\u8d1f\u6781\uff08\u6216\u8005\u4e3a\u201canode-free\u201d\u65e0\u8d1f\u6781\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09\u7b49\u82db\u523b\u6761\u4ef6\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u8f6f\u5305\u7535\u6c60\u3002\u9694\u819c\u7684\u70ed\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u53ca\u673a\u68b0\u6027\u80fd\u4e5f\u5e94\u8be5\u88ab\u8be6\u7ec6\u5730\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u71c3\u70e7\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0cTGA-DSC\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u9ad8\u6e29\u4e0b\u7684\u62c9\u4f38\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u56fe<\/strong><strong>19<\/strong>. <strong>(a) <\/strong>Li-S\u8f6f\u5305\u7535\u6c60\u7ed3\u6784\u793a\u610f\u56fe; <strong>(b, c) <\/strong>\u4e0d\u540c\u7ec4\u5206\u7684<strong> (b)<\/strong> \u8d28\u91cf\u6bd4\u91cd\u4e0e<strong> (c) <\/strong>\u6210\u672c\u6bd4\u91cd\uff1b<strong>(d, e) <\/strong>\u4e0d\u540c\u53c2\u6570\u4e0bLi-S\u8f6f\u5305\u7535\u6c60\u7684\u6210\u672c\u548c\u80fd\u91cf\u5bc6\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-235501\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724721.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"692\" height=\"606\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724721.jpg 692w, http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u56fe\u724721-300x263.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 692px) 100vw, 692px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u8868\u5f81\u6280\u672f\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u5bf9\u9694\u819c\u5728\u91d1\u5c5e-\u786b\u7535\u6c60\u4e2d\u4f5c\u7528\u673a\u5236\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3002\u5982\u539f\u4f4dXRD\uff0c\u7ea2\u5916\u5149\u8c31\uff0cX\u5c04\u7ebf\u5438\u6536\u8c31\uff0c\u8868\u9762\u589e\u5f3a\u62c9\u66fc\u5149\u8c31\u7b49\u53ef\u9274\u5b9a\u8bc6\u522b\u7535\u6c60\u53cd\u5e94\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u591a\u786b\u5316\u7269\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u7406\u89e3\u5176\u53cd\u5e94\u673a\u7406\uff0c\u53ca\u9694\u819c-\u591a\u786b\u5316\u7269\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4e3a\u6307\u5bfc\u5408\u6210\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u9694\u819c\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u94a0\u786b\u4e0e\u94be\u786b\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u4f9d\u636e\u3002\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u6210\u50cf\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u51b7\u51bb\u900f\u5c04\u7535\u955c\u6280\u672f\uff08Cryo-TEM\uff09\u53ca\u4f4e\u6e29\u805a\u7126\u79bb\u5b50\u675f(Cryo-FIB)\u6280\u672f\u53ef\u5e2e\u52a9\u5728\u539f\u5b50\u5c3a\u5ea6\u8ba4\u77e5\u679d\u6676\u751f\u957f\u7279\u6027\u3001SEI\u819c\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ed3\u6784\u7ec4\u5206\u3001\u91d1\u5c5e\u6210\u6838\u53ca\u751f\u957f\u884c\u4e3a\u7b49\u91d1\u5c5e\u7535\u6c60\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5fae\u89c2\u6f14\u53d8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Hongchang Hao*, Tanya Hutter, Brad L. Boyce, John Watt, Pengcheng Liu, and David Mitlin*, Review of Multifunctional Separators: Stabilizing the Cathode and the Anode for Alkali (Li, Na, and K) Metal\u2013Sulfur and Selenium Batteries. <strong><em>Chemical Reviews<\/em><\/strong>, 2022, DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.chemrev.1c00838.<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u7531Frankie\u4f9b\u7a3f\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u90dd\u5b8f\u660c \u901a\u8baf\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u90dd\u5b8f\u660c\uff0cDavid Mitlin \u901a\u8baf\u5355\u4f4d\uff1a\u5fb7\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u5965\u65af\u6c40\u5206\u6821 \u3010\u7efc\u8ff0\u80cc\u666f\u3011 \u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u9502\u79bb\u5b50\u7535\u6c60\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u78b1\u91d1\u5c5e-\u786b\uff08\u7852\uff09\u7535\u6c60\u6709\u671b\u63d0\u4f9b\u76f8\u5bf9&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[215],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-235475","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-jiedu"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/235475"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=235475"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/235475\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":235502,"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/235475\/revisions\/235502"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=235475"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=235475"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=235475"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}