{"id":254762,"date":"2023-10-02T09:13:38","date_gmt":"2023-10-02T01:13:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/?p=254762"},"modified":"2023-10-02T09:13:38","modified_gmt":"2023-10-02T01:13:38","slug":"john-a-rogers%e9%99%a2%e5%a3%ab%e6%9f%94%e6%80%a7%e7%94%b5%e5%ad%90%e6%9c%80%e6%96%b0science","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/?p=254762","title":{"rendered":"John A. Rogers\u9662\u58eb\u67d4\u6027\u7535\u5b50\u6700\u65b0Science"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e00\u3001\u3010\u5bfc\u8bfb\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n

2022\u5e74\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u8fdb\u884c\u768440000\u4f8b\u5b9e\u4f53\u5668\u5b98\u79fb\u690d\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ea6\u670960%\u662f\u80be\u79fb\u690d\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4f9b\u4f53\u548c\u53d7\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u767d\u7ec6\u80de\u6297\u539f\u57fa\u56e0\u578b\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u79fb\u690d\u6392\u65a5\u3002\u79fb\u690d\u5931\u8d25\u968f\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\uff0c1\u5e74\u30015\u5e74\u548c10\u5e74\u7684\u79fb\u690d\u5b58\u6d3b\u7387\u5206\u522b\u4e3a92.7\u300177.6\u548c49.5%\uff0c\u6392\u65a5\u53cd\u5e94\u662f\u5bfc\u81f4\u79fb\u690d\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u5728\u79fb\u690d\u540e\u7684\u5934\u51e0\u4e2a\u6708\u5230\u4e00\u5e74\u5185\uff0c\u670910%\u523015%\u7684\u80be\u79fb\u690d\u53d7\u8005\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u4e9a\u4e34\u5e8a\u6392\u65a5\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u5728\u53d1\u73b0\u65e9\u671f\u6392\u65a5\u53cd\u5e94\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u6cbb\u7597\u5e72\u9884\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u62a4\u79fb\u690d\u7269\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u68c0\u6d4b\u79fb\u690d\u6392\u65a5\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u201c\u91d1\u6807\u51c6\u201d\u662f\u80be\u76ae\u8d28\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6d3b\u68c0\uff0c\u8fd9\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u51fa\u8840\u3001\u75bc\u75db\u3001\u611f\u67d3\u548c\u90bb\u8fd1\u5668\u5b98\u610f\u5916\u635f\u4f24\u7b49\u5e76\u53d1\u75c7\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6d3b\u68c0\u5e76\u4e0d\u5e38\u89c1\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u79fb\u690d\u540e\u7684\u524d24\u4e2a\u6708\u6216\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u8840\u6e05\u808c\u9150\/\u8840\u5c3f\u7d20\u6c2e(BUN)\u6c34\u5e73\u5347\u9ad8\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c1\u81f32\u6b21\u6d3b\u68c0\u3002\u836f\u7269\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u8fd9\u4e9b\u751f\u7269\u6807\u8bb0\u7269\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5bf9\u6392\u65a5\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u5047\u9634\u6027\u6216\u9633\u6027\u9884\u6d4b\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8840\u6e05\u808c\u9150\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u6ede\u540e\u4e8e\u80be\u5c0f\u7403\u6ee4\u8fc7\u7387(GFR)\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u6570\u5929\u81f3\u6570\u5468\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u5fae\u521b\u6280\u672f\u5728\u7075\u654f\u5ea6\u65b9\u9762\u5177\u6709\u663e\u8457\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u4e0e\u8840\u6db2\u91c7\u96c6\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9\uff0c\u5982\u76d1\u6d4b\u9891\u7387\u53d7\u9650\u548c\u9700\u8981\u573a\u5916\u5206\u6790\u3002\u4e34\u5e8a\u4ecd\u7136\u9700\u8981\u80fd\u591f\u4ece\u79fb\u690d\u90a3\u4e00\u523b\u8d77\u6301\u7eed\u76d1\u6d4b\u79fb\u690d\u7269\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u8840\u6e05\u808c\u9150\/BUN\u4ecd\u5728\u6b63\u5e38\u751f\u7406\u8303\u56f4\u5185(\u4e9a\u4e34\u5e8a\u6392\u65a5)\u65f6\u68c0\u6d4b\u6392\u65a5\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u6216\u65e9\u671f\u9636\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u3010\u6210\u679c\u63a0\u5f71\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8fd1\u65e5\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u897f\u5317\u5927\u5b66\u6750\u6599\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u5de5\u7a0b\u7cfbJohn A. Rogers\u9662\u58eb\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u897f\u5317\u5927\u5b66\u7efc\u5408\u79fb\u690d\u4e2d\u5fc3Zheng J.\u00a0Zhang\u6559\u6388\u548cLorenzo Gallon\u6559\u6388\u5408\u4f5c\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u690d\u5165\u5f0f\u751f\u7269\u7535\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u8fde\u7eed\u3001\u5b9e\u65f6\u3001\u957f\u671f\u7cbe\u786e\u76d1\u6d4b\u80be\u810f\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u6e29\u5ea6(T<\/em>kidney<\/sub>)\u548c\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387(k<\/em>kidney<\/sub>)\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5927\u9f20\u80be\u79fb\u690d\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u708e\u75c7\/\u704c\u6ce8\u7684\u751f\u7269\u7269\u7406\u66ff\u4ee3\u54c1\uff0c\u4ee5\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e0e\u79fb\u690d\u6392\u65a5\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u708e\u75c7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0e\u5668\u5b98\u5f2f\u66f2\u67d4\u8f6f\u7684\u8868\u9762\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u4ece\u79fb\u690d\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u523b\u8d77\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u81ea\u7531\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u52a8\u7269\u8eab\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u4f53\u5185\u76d1\u6d4b\u3002\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u8d85\u663c\u591c\u8282\u5f8b\u3001\u663c\u591c\u5468\u671f\u7684\u4e2d\u65ad\u548c\u80be\u810f\u6e29\u5ea6\u7684\u5347\u9ad8\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6025\u6027\u80be\u79fb\u690d\u6392\u65a5\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u8b66\u544a\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u505c\u6b62\u548c\u672a\u7ed9\u4e88\u514d\u75ab\u6291\u5236\u6cbb\u7597\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u6392\u65a5\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u9884\u8b66\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6280\u672f\u6709\u671b\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u65e9\u7684\u6392\u65a5\u53cd\u5e94\u68c0\u6d4b\u548c\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u79fb\u690d\u7269\u76d1\u6d4b\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6539\u5584\u80be\u810f\u79fb\u690d\u7684\u957f\u671f\u6210\u529f\u7387\u3002\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u4ee5\u201cImplantable bioelectronic systems for early detection of kidney transplant rejection<\/strong>\u201d\u4e3a\u9898\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u8457\u540d\u671f\u520aScience<\/em><\/strong>\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u3010\u6838\u5fc3\u521b\u65b0\u70b9\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n

1.\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u690d\u5165\u5f0f\u751f\u7269\u7535\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u8fc7\u76d1\u6d4b\u80be\u810f\u6e29\u5ea6\u548c\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\u6765\u63d0\u4f9b\u5bf9\u6392\u65a5\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u6d4b\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u6bd4\u4f20\u7edf\u751f\u7269\u6807\u5fd7\u7269\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u7075\u654f\u5ea6<\/p>\n

2.\u4e0e\u6709\u521b\u6d3b\u68c0\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u751f\u7269\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u53ef\u63d0\u4f9b\u5bc6\u96c6\u3001\u5b9e\u65f6\u3001\u957f\u671f\u7684\u624b\u672f\u6062\u590d\u3001\u836f\u7269\u5f71\u54cd\u3001\u663c\u591c\u8282\u5f8b\/\u8d85\u663c\u591c\u8282\u5f8b\u548c\u79fb\u690d\u7269\u6392\u65a5\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001\u3010\u6570\u636e\u6982\u89c8\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe1\u4f7f\u7528\u690d\u5165\u5f0f\u751f\u7269\u7535\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u76d1\u6d4b\u80be\u79fb\u690d\u6392\u65a5<\/p>\n

(A) \u5728\u5927\u9f20\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u80be\u79fb\u690d\u53ca\u8bbe\u5907\u690d\u5165\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u3002\u865a\u7ebf\u8868\u793a\u5207\u9664\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u539f\u751f\u80be\u810f\u3002\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0e\u76ae\u8d28\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4e24\u4e2a\u7f1d\u5408\u5b54\u4e0e\u4e0a\u8986\u7684\u80be\u5305\u819c\u7f1d\u5408(\u89c1\u56fe)\u3002\u7535\u5b50\u88c5\u7f6e\u4f4d\u4e8e\u80be\u810f\u9644\u8fd1\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7f1d\u5408\u6807\u7b7e\u56fa\u5b9a\u5728\u8179\u58c1\u4e0a\u3002\u8fde\u63a5\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u548c\u7535\u5b50\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u5bfc\u7ebf\u4f4d\u4e8e\u8179\u90e8\u8102\u80aa\u4e0a\u3002\uff08B\uff09\u80be\u810f\u80cc\u4fa7\u690d\u5165\u7684\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u7684\u7167\u7247\uff0c\uff08C\uff09\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0e\u7f8e\u56fd25\u7f8e\u5206\u786c\u5e01\u76f8\u90bb\u7684\u7167\u7247\uff08\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5c3a=5\u6beb\u7c73\uff09\u3002(D) Lewis\u5927\u9f20\u5355\u80be(\u7b2c\u4e8c\u80be\u5207\u9664)\u5668\u5b98\u6e29\u5ea6(T<\/em>kidney<\/sub>)\u548c\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387(k<\/em>kidney<\/sub>)\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u53d8\u5316\uff0ct=0~28\u5929\u3002\u7070\u8272\u7684\u70b9\u8868\u793a\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u3002\u7ea2\u7ebf\u662f\u5e73\u6ed1\u6837\u6761\u62df\u5408(\u03bb = 0.01) \u00a92023 AAAS<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe2\u6025\u6027\u6392\u65a5\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u7279\u5f81<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u540c\u7cfb\u5927\u9f20\u54c1\u7cfb\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u5927\u9f20\u80be\u79fb\u690d\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u793a\u610f\u56fe\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\uff08A\uff09\u540c\u57fa\u56e0\u79fb\u690d\uff0c\u5373\u4f9b\u4f53\u548c\u53d7\u4f53\u5747\u4e3aLewis\u5927\u9f20\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u79fb\u690d\u7269\u88ab\u63a5\u53d7\uff1b\uff08B\uff09\u5f02\u57fa\u56e0\u79fb\u690d\uff0c\u5373\u4f9b\u4f53\u54c1\u7cfb\u4e3aAugust Copenhagen Irish (ACI)\u5927\u9f20\uff0c\u53d7\u4f53\u4e3aLewis\u5927\u9f20\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u79fb\u690d\u7269\u88ab\u6392\u65a5\u3002\u201cX<\/em>\u201d\u8868\u793a\u79fb\u9664\u4e86\u53d7\u4f53\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u539f\u751f\u80be\u810f\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\uff08C\uff09n = 5\u540c\u57fa\u56e0\u79fb\u690d\u548c\uff08D\uff09n = 5\u5f02\u57fa\u56e0\u79fb\u690d\uff0c\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e86\u7ea67\u5929\u7684T<\/em>kidney<\/sub>\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u5f20\u56fe\u548c\u968f\u540e\u7684\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u6807\u7b7e\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cA1-5\uff0cI1-5\uff09\u6807\u8bc6\u4e86\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff08\u8868S1\uff09\u3002\u7070\u8272\u70b9\u8868\u793a\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u3002\u7ea2\u7ebf\u662f\u5e73\u6ed1\u6837\u6761\u62df\u5408\uff08l = 0.01\uff09\u3002\u9634\u5f71\u533a\u57df\uff08t = 0\u52302\u5929\uff09\u8868\u793a\u624b\u672f\u540e\u7684\u6062\u590d\u671f\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u52a8\u7269\u7b3c\u5b50\u7684\u4e00\u534a\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u52a0\u70ed\u57ab\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4f53\u6e29\u8c03\u8282\u3002\u56fe2D\u4e2d\u7684\u9ed1\u8272\u7bad\u5934\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8eT<\/em>kidney<\/sub>\u4e2d\u4e0e\u5f02\u57fa\u56e0\u79fb\u690d\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff08\u51f8\u8d77\u548c\u62d0\u70b9\uff09\uff0c\u5728t\u7ea63\u5929\u65f6\u51fa\u73b0\u3002\u56fe2D\u4e2d\u7684\u7ea2\u8272\u7bad\u5934\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8eT<\/em>kidney<\/sub>\u5728t\u7ea65\u5929\u65f6\u7684\u6025\u5267\u4e0b\u964d \u00a0\u00a92023 AAAS<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe3 \u80be\u810f\u6e29\u5ea6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6025\u6027\u6392\u65a5\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u6307\u6807<\/p>\n

\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684Periodic Acid-Schiff\uff08PAS\uff09\u67d3\u8272\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5207\u7247\uff0c\u663e\u793a\uff08A\uff09t = 6\u5929\u7684\u540c\u57fa\u56e0\u79fb\u690d\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u5b9e\u8d28\uff0c\u80be\u5c0f\u7ba1\u5448\u80cc\u9760\u80cc\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u80be\u5c0f\u7403\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u95f4\u8d28\u708e\u75c7\uff1b\uff08B\uff09t = 6\u5929\u7684\u5f02\u57fa\u56e0\u79fb\u690d\uff0c\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u4e25\u91cd\u7684I\u578b\u6392\u65a5\uff0c\u5176\u7279\u70b9\u662f\u660e\u663e\u7684\u95f4\u8d28\u708e\u75c7\u4f34\u6709\u80be\u5c0f\u7ba1\u708e\u3002\u5f02\u57fa\u56e0\u79fb\u690d\u5728t\u7ea66\u5929\u65f6\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u5347\u9ad8\u7684\uff08C\uff09\u8840\u5c3f\u7d20\u6c2e\uff08BUN\uff09\u548c\uff08D\uff09\u8840\u6e05\u808c\u9150\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u540c\u57fa\u56e0\u79fb\u690d\u3002UL\u548cLL\u8868\u793a\u5206\u6790\u4eea\u7684\u4e0a\u9650\u548c\u4e0b\u9650\u68c0\u6d4b\u9650\u3002Tn<\/sub>\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86Tkidney<\/sub>\u5728t=n-1\u5230t=n\u5929\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u3002\uff08E\uff09\u5f02\u57fa\u56e0\u79fb\u690d\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u4f4e\u4e8e\u540c\u57fa\u56e0\u79fb\u690d\u7684\uff08 5\/6<\/sub>\u2014 4\/5<\/sub>\uff09\u3002PAS\u67d3\u8272\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5207\u7247\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5728t\u7ea64\u5929\u65f6\uff0c\uff08F\uff09\u540c\u57fa\u56e0\u79fb\u690d\u7684\u80be\u810f\u662f\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\uff0c\u800c\uff08G\uff09\u5f02\u57fa\u56e0\u79fb\u690d\u7684\u80be\u810f\u663e\u793a\u51faI\u578b\u6025\u6027\u6392\u65a5\u7684\u8ff9\u8c61\u3002\uff08H\uff09\u548c\uff08I\uff09\u5728t\u7ea64\u5929\u65f6\u7684BUN\u548c\u8840\u6e05\u808c\u9150\u6c34\u5e73\u5728\u5f02\u57fa\u56e0\u79fb\u690d\u548c\u540c\u57fa\u56e0\u79fb\u690d\u4e4b\u95f4\u6ca1\u6709\u663e\u8457\u5dee\u5f02\uff08ns\uff09\u3002\uff08J\uff09\uff08 4<\/sub>\u2014 3<\/sub>\uff09\u662f\u56fe2D\u4e2dTkidney<\/sub>\u51f8\u8d77\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u663e\u8457\u5ea6\u6307\u6807\uff08n = 5\uff09\u3002\u56fe3\u4e2d\u7684\u7eff\u8272\u9634\u5f71\u533a\u57df\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u6ca1\u6709\u79fb\u690d\u7684Lewis\u5927\u9f20\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u6c34\u5e73 \u00a0\u00a92023 AAAS<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe4\u514d\u75ab\u6291\u5236\u5242\u505c\u836f\u540e\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6392\u65a5\u53cd\u5e94<\/p>\n

\uff08A\uff09FK506\u4ee5\u6bcf\u59291 mg\/kg\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u5242\u91cf\u6295\u836f\u7ed9\u5f02\u57fa\u56e0\u79fb\u690d\u7269\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3at = 0\u52307\u5929\u7684\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u3002\uff08B\uff09\u5bf9\u63a5\u53d7FK506\u6cbb\u7597\u7684\u52a8\u7269\u5728\u79bb\u6563\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\uff08t\u7ea64\u30017\u300110\u300114\u300120\u548c27\u5929\uff09\u6536\u96c6\u7684\u8840\u6e05\u808c\u9150\u548c\u8840\u5c3f\u7d20\u6c2e\uff08BUN\uff09\u3002\uff08C\uff09\u540c\u57fa\u56e0\u79fb\u690d\u7269\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u6027Tkidney<\/sub>\u4e0et\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e8628\u5929\u3002\uff08D\u81f3H\uff09\u63a5\u53d7\u6bcf\u59291 mg\/kg FK506\u6cbb\u7597\u7684n = 5\u5f02\u57fa\u56e0\u79fb\u690d\u7269\u7684Tkidney<\/sub>\u4e0et\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u6cbb\u7597\u671f\u7531\u84dd\u8272\u9634\u5f71\u533a\u57df\u8868\u793a\u3002\u7070\u8272\u9634\u5f71\u533a\u57df\uff08t = 0\u52302\u5929\uff09\u8868\u793a\u624b\u672f\u540e\u7684\u6062\u590d\u671f\u3002\u7070\u8272\u70b9\u8868\u793a\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u3002\u7ea2\u7ebf\u662f\u5e73\u6ed1\u6837\u6761\u62df\u5408\uff08l = 0.01\uff09\u3002\u9ed1\u8272\u7bad\u5934\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u6e29\u5ea6\u6ce2\u52a8\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\uff08I\uff09\u5728t = 10\u5929\u65f6\uff0c\u7528PAS\u67d3\u8272\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5207\u7247\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u80be\u5b9e\u8d28\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u6025\u6027\u6392\u65a5\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u800c\u5728t = 14\u300120\u548c27\u5929\u65f6\uff0c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5207\u7247\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u4e86\u6025\u6027I\u578b\u80be\u5c0f\u7ba1\u95f4\u8d28\u6392\u65a5\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u5f25\u6f2b\u6027\u95f4\u8d28\u708e\u75c7\u548c\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u80be\u5c0f\u7ba1\u708e\u75c7 \u00a92023 AAAS<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe5\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8840\u6db2\u6807\u5fd7\u7269\u4f53\u6e29\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6392\u65a5\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u6307\u6807<\/p>\n

(A) Tkidney<\/sub>\u4ee3\u8868\u79fb\u690dt = 9 ~ 21\u5929\u540c\u79cd\u5f02\u4f53\u548c\u540c\u79cd\u5f02\u4f53\u79fb\u690d\u3002\u7070\u8272\u70b9\u8868\u793a\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u3002\u7ea2\u8272\u66f2\u7ebf\u662f\u5e73\u6ed1\u6837\u6761\u62df\u5408(\u03bb = 30)\u3002(B)\u4e0e\u7b49\u5f02\u4f53\u79fb\u690d\u7269\u76f8\u6bd4(n = 5)\uff0c\u7ed9\u836f\u5f02\u4f53\u79fb\u690d\u7269\u7684\u51f9\u51f8\u4e0a\u5347( 14<\/sub>\u2014 10<\/sub>)\u548c\u968f\u540e\u7684\u4e0b\u964d(T20<\/sub>\u2014T14<\/sub>)\u662f\u663e\u8457\u7684\u3002(C)\u56feS14\u548c\u56fe4F\u4e2dTkidney<\/sub>\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5085\u91cc\u53f6\u53d8\u6362\u3002(D)\u5728t = 7\u81f314\u5929(\u4e0a)\u548ct = 14\u81f321\u5929(\u4e0b)\uff0c\u7ed9\u836f\u540c\u79cd\u5f02\u4f53\u79fb\u690d\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u540c\u79cd\u5f02\u4f53\u79fb\u690d(n = 5)\uff0cf = 2 day-1<\/sup>X<\/em>2<\/sub>\u548cf = 1 day-1<\/sup>(X<\/em>1<\/sub>)\u5cf0\u7684\u5e45\u5ea6\u6bd4\u66f4\u5927\u3002(E)\u5c06\u7b49\u5f02\u4f53\u79fb\u690d\u7269\u548c\u7ed9\u836f\u540c\u79cd\u5f02\u4f53\u79fb\u690d\u7269\u4e2dBUN\u548c\u808c\u9150\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u503c\u4e0e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5b66\u8bca\u65ad\u76f8\u6bd4\u8f83\u7684\u6df7\u6dc6\u77e9\u9635\u3002(F) \u6bd4\u8f83(T14<\/sub>\u4e0eT10<\/sub>)\u548cX<\/em>2<\/sub>\/X<\/em>1<\/sub>\u5bf9\u76f2\u6cd5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5b66\u8bca\u65ad\u7684\u6df7\u6dc6\u77e9\u9635\uff0c(E)\u4e2d\u7684\u622a\u6b62\u503c\u4e3aLewis\u5927\u9f20\u6b63\u5e38BUN\u548cCreatine\u7684\u4e0a\u9650\uff0c(F)\u4e2d\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u76f8\u5e94\u5747\u503c\u3002\u7ea2\u8272\u9634\u5f71\u533a\u57df\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u5047\u9633\u6027\u548c\u9634\u6027\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u7eff\u8272\u9634\u5f71\u533a\u57df\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u771f\u9634\u6027\u548c\u9633\u6027\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u00a92023 Science<\/p>\n

\u4e94\u3001\u3010\u6210\u679c\u542f\u793a\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u5728\u5927\u9f20\u79fb\u690d\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u901a\u8fc7\u76d1\u6d4b\u80be\u810f\u6e29\u5ea6\uff08T<\/em>kidney<\/sub>\uff09\u548c\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\uff08k<\/em>kidney<\/sub>\uff09\u7684\u751f\u7269\u7269\u7406\u6d4b\u91cf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e9a\u4e34\u5e8a\u6025\u6027\u6392\u65a5\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u6280\u672f\u3002\u4e0e\u6709\u521b\u6d3b\u68c0\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u751f\u7269\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u63d0\u4f9b\u5bc6\u96c6\u3001\u5b9e\u65f6\u3001\u957f\u671f\u7684\u624b\u672f\u6062\u590d\u3001\u836f\u7269\u5f71\u54cd\u3001\u663c\u591c\u8282\u5f8b\/\u8d85\u663c\u591c\u8282\u5f8b\u3001\u8fd0\u52a8\/\u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u79fb\u690d\u7269\u6392\u65a5\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5728\u505c\u6b62\u548c\u672a\u7ed9\u4e88\u514d\u75ab\u6291\u5236\u6cbb\u7597\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cT<\/em>kidney<\/sub>\u53ef\u63d0\u4f9b\u6392\u65a5\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u9884\u8b66\uff0c\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8840\u6e05\u808c\u9150\u548cBUN\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u654f\u611f\u6027\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u63d0\u524d2-3\u5468\u548c3\u5929\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6307\u5bfc\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u7684\u7ed9\u836f\u7b56\u7565\u548c\u4e86\u89e3\u514d\u75ab\u6291\u5236\u5242\u7684\u529f\u6548\u3002\u4f46\u672a\u6765\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u66f4\u5927\u52a8\u7269\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bc4\u4f30\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u533a\u5206\u6392\u65a5\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u4ee5\u53ca\u662f\u5426\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u6d4b\u8fb9\u7f18\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u690d\u5165\u8bbe\u5907\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u5f02\u7269\u53cd\u5e94\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6311\u6218\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c06\u8fde\u7eed\u76d1\u6d4b\u96c6\u6210\u5230\u4e34\u5e8a\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u671b\u6210\u4e3a\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u5668\u5b98\u79fb\u690d\u62a4\u7406\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4e00\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n

\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.adh7726<\/p>\n

\u672c\u6587\u7531\u5c0f\u827a\u64b0\u7a3f<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u4e00\u3001\u3010\u5bfc\u8bfb\u3011 2022\u5e74\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u8fdb\u884c\u768440000\u4f8b\u5b9e\u4f53\u5668\u5b98\u79fb\u690d\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ea6\u670960%\u662f\u80be\u79fb\u690d\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4f9b\u4f53\u548c\u53d7\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u767d\u7ec6\u80de\u6297\u539f\u57fa\u56e0\u578b\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u79fb\u690d\u6392\u65a5\u3002\u79fb\u690d\u5931\u8d25\u968f…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":35295,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[215],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-254762","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-jiedu"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/254762"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/35295"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=254762"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/254762\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":254827,"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/254762\/revisions\/254827"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=254762"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=254762"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=254762"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}