{"id":271529,"date":"2026-04-21T08:15:00","date_gmt":"2026-04-21T00:15:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/?p=271529"},"modified":"2026-04-20T22:20:42","modified_gmt":"2026-04-20T14:20:42","slug":"eltdf-net-a-paut-welding-defect-detection-model-based-on-locally-perceptual-residual-gating-and-multi-frequency-convolutional-attention-yang-liu-guodong-li-ye-li-cuirong-liu-yan-li","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/?p=271529","title":{"rendered":"ELTDF-Net: a PAUT welding defect detection\u00a0model based on locally perceptual residual gating and multi-frequency convolutional attention Yang Liu, Guodong Li, Ye Li, Cuirong Liu &amp; Yan Li"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u4e00\u3001\u3010\u5bfc\u8bfb\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9505\u7089\u6c34\u51b7\u58c1\u7684\u5c0f\u5f84\u7ba1\u710a\u63a5\u63a5\u5934\u582a\u79f0\u5de5\u4e1a\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u201c\u751f\u547d\u7ebf\u201d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u672a\u7194\u5408\u3001\u88c2\u7eb9\u7684\u5fae\u5c0f\u7f3a\u9677\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u53d1\u4ecb\u8d28\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3001\u7ba1\u4f53\u7206\u88c2\u7684\u5927\u4e8b\u6545\uff01\u53ef\u710a\u63a5\u5185\u90e8\u7f3a\u9677\u85cf\u5f97\u6df1\u3001\u770b\u5f97\u96be\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u5149\u5b66\u68c0\u6d4b\u6839\u672c\u201c\u591f\u4e0d\u7740\u201d\uff0c\u76f8\u63a7\u9635\u8d85\u58f0\u68c0\u6d4b\uff08PAUT\uff09\u867d\u80fd\u6355\u6349\u5185\u90e8\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u5374\u53c8\u88ab\u566a\u58f0\u5e72\u6270\u3001\u4f4e\u5149\u533a\u7279\u5f81\u6a21\u7cca\u3001\u6676\u754c\u6563\u5c04\u548c\u7f3a\u9677\u9891\u8c31\u91cd\u53e0\u8fd9\u4e09\u5927\u201c\u62e6\u8def\u864e\u201d\u7eca\u4f4f\u811a\uff0c\u8fde\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u90fd\u5bb9\u6613\u770b\u8d70\u773c\uff0c\u8fd9\u5de5\u4e1a\u5b89\u5168\u68c0\u6d4b\u7684\u96be\u9898\uff0c\u5230\u5e95\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u7834\uff1f\u8fd9\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u5c31\u4e3a\u5927\u5bb6\u91cf\u8eab\u6253\u9020\u4e86\u4e00\u6b3e\u201c\u710a\u63a5\u7f3a\u9677\u706b\u773c\u91d1\u775b\u201d\u2014\u2014ELTDF-Net\u667a\u80fd\u68c0\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4e13\u6cbbPAUT\u56fe\u50cf\u68c0\u6d4b\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u201c\u7591\u96be\u6742\u75c7\u201d\uff01\u5b83\u53ef\u4e0d\u662f\u5355\u4e00\u6280\u80fd\u52a0\u6301\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5e26\u7740\u4e09\u5927\u521b\u65b0\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u201c\u5168\u80fd\u9009\u624b\u201d\uff0c\u5c42\u5c42\u7834\u89e3\u68c0\u6d4b\u96be\u9898\uff1aECCR\u591a\u901a\u9053\u611f\u77e5\u5c40\u90e8\u7279\u5f81\u6a21\u5757\uff1a\u50cf\u7ed9\u6a21\u578b\u88c5\u4e86\u201c\u591a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u653e\u5927\u955c\u201d\uff0c\u878d\u5408\u591a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7a7a\u6d1e\u5377\u79ef\u548c\u52a8\u6001\u901a\u9053\u6821\u51c6\uff0c\u7cbe\u51c6\u6355\u6349\u6beb\u7c73\u7ea7\u5fae\u5c0f\u7f3a\u9677\uff0c\u518d\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u566a\u58f0\u5206\u6563\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u504f\u79fb\u95ee\u9898\uff1bLCRB\u6b8b\u5dee\u95e8\u63a7\u673a\u5236\uff1a\u6253\u9020\u4eae\u5ea6-\u566a\u58f0\u201c\u5206\u79bb\u51c0\u5316\u5668\u201d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u95e8\u63a7\u7279\u5f81\u878d\u5408\u6291\u5236\u9891\u57df\u6df7\u53e0\u566a\u58f0\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u5f3a\u5316\u4f4e\u5149\u533a\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u8ba9\u6697\u533a\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\u7279\u5f81\u65e0\u5904\u9041\u5f62\uff1bTVconv-CA\u591a\u9891\u57df\u5377\u79ef\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u6a21\u5757\uff1a\u7ec3\u5c31\u201c\u9891\u57df\u8fa8\u7269\u201d\u7edd\u6280\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u9891\u57df\u5206\u6790\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u5377\u79ef\uff0c\u628a\u7f3a\u9677\u7684\u4f4e\u9891\u5f62\u6001\u7279\u5f81\u653e\u5927\uff0c\u518d\u628a\u9ad8\u9891\u6563\u5c04\u566a\u58f0\u538b\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u5b8c\u7f8e\u533a\u5206\u6676\u754c\u6563\u5c04\u548c\u771f\u5b9e\u7f3a\u9677\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8fd9\u6b3e\u201c\u706b\u773c\u91d1\u775b\u201d\u7684\u771f\u672c\u4e8b\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u56e2\u961f\u62c9\u6ee1\u5b9e\u9a8c\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u57281\u4e2a\u5de5\u4e1a\u5b9e\u6d4b\u79c1\u6709\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff08PAUT-Welds\uff0c\u592a\u539f\u9505\u7089\u5382\u5b9e\u5730\u91c7\u96c6\uff0c5\u7c7b\u710a\u63a5\u7f3a\u9677\uff09+3\u4e2a\u516c\u5f00\u5de5\u4e1a\u7f3a\u9677\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff08NEU-CLS-64\u3001NEU-CLS\u3001\u78c1\u74e6\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff09 \u4e0a\u5c55\u5f00\u5168\u65b9\u4f4d\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u8fd8\u548cConvMixer\u3001Convnext v2\u3001Eva-02\u7b4910\u6b3e\u4e3b\u6d41\u6a21\u578b\u540c\u53f0\u6bd4\u62fc\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u60ca\u8273\u5168\u573a\uff1a PAUT-Welds\u5de5\u4e1a\u5b9e\u6d4b\u96c6\uff1aTop-1\u51c6\u786e\u738786.36%\uff0cAUC\u503c0.96\uff0c\u7cbe\u786e\u7387\u3001\u53ec\u56de\u7387\u3001F1-score\u5168\u9762\u9886\u5148\uff0c\u628a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u540d\u8fdc\u8fdc\u7529\u5728\u8eab\u540e\uff1bNEU-CLS-64\u96c6\uff1aTop-1\u51c6\u786e\u738797.44%\uff0c\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u8bc6\u522b\u80fd\u529b\u62c9\u6ee1\uff1bNEU-CLS\u96c6\uff1a\u76f4\u63a5\u62ff\u4e0b100%\u7684\u5168\u6307\u6807\u6ee1\u5206\uff0c\u5b8c\u7f8e\u8bc6\u522b\uff1b\u78c1\u74e6\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff1aTop-1\u51c6\u786e\u738784.97%\uff0c\u8f83\u6b21\u4f18\u6a21\u578b\u63d0\u53475.19\u4e2a\u767e\u5206\u70b9\uff0c\u7cbe\u51c6\u7387\u548c\u53ec\u56de\u7387\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u5ea6\u6700\u4f18\u3002\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u56e2\u961f\u8fd8\u505a\u4e86\u6d88\u878d\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u8bc1\u5b9e\u4e09\u5927\u6a21\u5757\u662f\u201c1+1+1&gt;3\u201d\u7684\u534f\u540c\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u5c11\u4e00\u4e2a\u90fd\u8fbe\u4e0d\u5230\u6700\u4f18\u6027\u80fd\uff1b\u901a\u8fc7\u7279\u5f81\u70ed\u529b\u56fe\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\uff0c\u80fd\u6e05\u6670\u770b\u5230ELTDF-Net\u5bf9\u7f3a\u9677\u533a\u57df\u7684\u805a\u7126\u80fd\u529b\u8fdc\u8d85\u4f20\u7edfResNet50\uff0c\u7f3a\u9677\u7279\u5f81\u54cd\u5e94\u66f4\u5f3a\u70c8\u3002\u66f4\u8d34\u5fc3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u56e2\u961f\u8fd8\u628a\u6a21\u578b\u6838\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u5c01\u88c5\u6210\u4e86\u76f8\u63a7\u9635\u710a\u63a5\u7f3a\u9677\u667a\u80fd\u5206\u7c7b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6709\u53cb\u597d\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u80fd\u5b9e\u65f6\u9884\u6d4b\u3001\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u843d\u5730\u5de5\u4e1a\u73b0\u573a\uff0c\u4ece\u7406\u8bba\u521b\u65b0\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u80fd\u5b9e\u9645\u7528\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u5de5\u5177\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf4\u5230\u5e95\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b3eELTDF-Net\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u5de5\u4e1a\u8d85\u58f0\u76f8\u63a7\u9635\u710a\u63a5\u7f3a\u9677\u68c0\u6d4b\u91cf\u8eab\u5b9a\u5236\u7684\u201c\u667a\u80fd\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e13\u5bb6\u201d\uff0c\u65e2\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u4eba\u5de5\u5224\u65ad\u8bef\u68c0\u7387\u9ad8\u3001\u4f20\u7edf\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u529b\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u8001\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53c8\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u68c0\u6d4b\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3001\u6548\u7387\u548c\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b9e\u7528\u6027\u7684\u4e09\u91cd\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u4e3a\u5de5\u4e1a\u65e0\u635f\u68c0\u6d4b\u7684\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u9700\u6c42\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u8ba9\u710a\u63a5\u7f3a\u9677\u518d\u4e5f\u9003\u4e0d\u8fc7\u201c\u667a\u80fd\u6cd5\u773c\u201d\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e8c\u3001\u3010\u6210\u679c\u63a0\u5f71\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>ELTDF-Net: \u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u5c40\u90e8\u611f\u77e5\u6b8b\u5dee\u95e8\u63a7\u591a\u9891\u57df\u5377\u79ef\u6ce8\u610f\u529b PAUT \u710a\u63a5\u7f3a\u9677\u68c0\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u53d1\u8868\u671f\u520a<\/strong>\uff1a<em>[Nondestructive Testing and Evaluation]<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bba\u6587\u63d0\u51fa\u9762\u5411\u9505\u7089\u6c34\u51b7\u58c1\u5c0f\u5f84\u7ba1 PAUT \u710a\u7f1d\u7f3a\u9677\u68c0\u6d4b\u7684 ELTDF-Net \u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 ECCR \u591a\u901a\u9053\u611f\u77e5\u3001LCRB \u6b8b\u5dee\u95e8\u63a7\u3001TVconv-CA \u591a\u9891\u57df\u5377\u79ef\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u4e09\u6a21\u5757\u534f\u540c\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u89e3\u51b3\u566a\u58f0\u5e72\u6270\u3001\u4f4e\u5149\u7279\u5f81\u5f31\u5316\u3001\u6676\u754c\u6563\u5c04\u4e0e\u7f3a\u9677\u9891\u8c31\u91cd\u53e0\u4e09\u5927\u68c0\u6d4b\u96be\u9898\u3002\u5728\u592a\u539f\u9505\u7089\u5382\u5b9e\u5730\u91c7\u96c6\u7684 PAUT-Welds \u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e0a\uff0c\u6a21\u578b Top-1 \u51c6\u786e\u7387\u8fbe<strong>86.36%<\/strong>\u3001AUC \u4e3a<strong>0.96<\/strong>\uff0c\u7cbe\u786e\u7387\u3001\u53ec\u56de\u7387\u4e0e F1-score \u5168\u9762\u9886\u5148 11 \u79cd\u4e3b\u6d41\u6a21\u578b\uff1b\u5728 NEU-CLS-64\u3001NEU-CLS\u3001\u78c1\u74e6\u516c\u5f00\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e0a\uff0cTop-1 \u51c6\u786e\u7387\u5206\u522b\u8fbe\u5230<strong>97.44%<\/strong>\u3001<strong>100%<\/strong>\u3001<strong>84.97%<\/strong>\uff0c\u6cdb\u5316\u6027\u4e0e\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u8bc6\u522b\u80fd\u529b\u7a81\u51fa\u3002\u6d88\u878d\u5b9e\u9a8c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e09\u6a21\u5757\u5448\u73b0<strong>1+1+1&gt;3<\/strong>\u534f\u540c\u589e\u76ca\uff0c\u7279\u5f81\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u8868\u660e\u6a21\u578b\u5bf9\u7f3a\u9677\u533a\u57df\u805a\u7126\u80fd\u529b\u663e\u8457\u4f18\u4e8e\u57fa\u7ebf ResNet50\uff0c\u8bef\u68c0\u4e0e\u6f0f\u68c0\u7387\u5927\u5e45\u964d\u4f4e\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u8be5\u6a21\u578b\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u76f8\u63a7\u9635\u710a\u63a5\u7f3a\u9677\u667a\u80fd\u5206\u7c7b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5df2\u5b8c\u6210\u5de5\u7a0b\u5c01\u88c5\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u6570\u636e\u5bfc\u5165\u3001\u5b9e\u65f6\u9884\u6d4b\u4e0e\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\uff0c\u7f6e\u4fe1\u5ea6\u8fbe<strong>98%<\/strong>\uff0c\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u843d\u5730\u5de5\u4e1a\u73b0\u573a\uff0c\u4e3a PAUT \u667a\u80fd\u65e0\u635f\u68c0\u6d4b\u63d0\u4f9b\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3001\u9ad8\u5b9e\u7528\u6027\u7684\u65b0\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e09\u3001\u3010\u6838\u5fc3\u521b\u65b0\u70b9\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bba\u6587\u6838\u5fc3\u5173\u952e\u53d1\u73b0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;1.&nbsp;\u6a21\u578b\u68c0\u6d4b\u6027\u80fd\u663e\u8457\u9886\u5148\uff1a\u63d0\u51fa\u7684ELTDF-Net\u5728PAUT\u710a\u63a5\u7f3a\u9677\u68c0\u6d4b\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u5353\u8d8a\uff0c\u5728\u5de5\u4e1a\u5b9e\u6d4bPAUT-Welds\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e0aTop-1\u51c6\u786e\u7387\u8fbe86.36%\uff08AUC\u503c0.96\uff09\uff0c\u5728NEU-CLS-64\u3001NEU-CLS\u3001\u78c1\u74e6\uff08MT\uff09\u516c\u5f00\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e0aTop-1\u51c6\u786e\u7387\u5206\u522b\u8fbe97.44%\u300199.72%\u300184.97%\uff0c\u5168\u9762\u4f18\u4e8eConvMixer\u3001Eva-02\u3001Res2Net\u7b4911\u6b3e\u4e3b\u6d41\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5728\u7cbe\u786e\u7387\u3001\u53ec\u56de\u7387\u3001F1-score\u4e0a\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e09\u7ef4\u5ea6\u9886\u5148\uff0c\u9c81\u68d2\u6027\u548c\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u8bc6\u522b\u80fd\u529b\u7a81\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2.&nbsp;\u4e09\u5927\u521b\u65b0\u6a21\u5757\u5b9e\u73b0\u5206\u5c42\u534f\u540c\u589e\u6548\uff1aECCR\u3001LCRB\u3001TVconv-CA\u4e09\u6a21\u5757\u57fa\u4e8eResNet50\u57fa\u7ebf\u5f62\u6210\u5c42\u6b21\u5316\u7279\u5f81\u589e\u5f3a\u534f\u540c\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u8054\u5408\u542f\u7528\u4f7f\u6a21\u578bTop-1\u51c6\u786e\u7387\u8f83\u57fa\u7ebf\u63d0\u53476.36\u4e2a\u767e\u5206\u70b9\uff1b\u5404\u6a21\u5757\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u89e3\u51b3PAUT\u68c0\u6d4b\u6838\u5fc3\u75db\u70b9\uff0cECCR\u89e3\u51b3\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u504f\u79fb\u3001\u5f3a\u5316\u6beb\u7c73\u7ea7\u7f3a\u9677\u68af\u5ea6\u54cd\u5e94\uff0cLCRB\u5b9e\u73b0\u4eae\u5ea6-\u566a\u58f0\u89e3\u8026\u3001\u589e\u5f3a\u4f4e\u5149\u533a\u7279\u5f81\u5173\u8054\uff0cTVconv-CA\u5206\u79bb\u6676\u754c\u6563\u5c04\u4e0e\u7f3a\u9677\u9891\u8c31\u3001\u5f3a\u5316\u4f4e\u9891\u7f3a\u9677\u7279\u5f81\u5e76\u6291\u5236\u9ad8\u9891\u566a\u58f0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.&nbsp;\u7279\u5f81\u8868\u5f81\u4e0e\u5224\u522b\u80fd\u529b\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u5347\uff1a\u7ecfT-SNE\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0cELTDF-Net\u80fd\u8ba9\u7f3a\u9677\u7279\u5f81\u5206\u5e03\u66f4\u805a\u96c6\u3001\u7c7b\u522b\u5206\u79bb\u66f4\u663e\u8457\uff1b\u7279\u5f81\u70ed\u529b\u56fe\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u5bf9\u7f3a\u9677\u533a\u57df\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u54cd\u5e94\u8fdc\u5f3a\u4e8e\u4f20\u7edfResNet50\uff0c\u53ef\u7cbe\u51c6\u805a\u7126\u7f3a\u9677\u6838\u5fc3\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u5927\u5e45\u964d\u4f4e\u5047\u9633\u6027\u3001\u5047\u9634\u6027\u8bef\u5224\uff0c\u5728\u590d\u6742\u80cc\u666f\u548c\u566a\u58f0\u5e72\u6270\u4e0b\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u63d0\u53d6\u80fd\u529b\u663e\u8457\u4f18\u4e8e\u57fa\u7ebf\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4.&nbsp;\u6a21\u578b\u6cdb\u5316\u6027\u4e0e\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b9e\u7528\u6027\u517c\u5907\uff1aELTDF-Net\u5728\u5de5\u4e1a\u5b9e\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u548c\u591a\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u591a\u7f3a\u9677\u7684\u516c\u5f00\u5de5\u4e1a\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e0a\u5747\u4fdd\u6301\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u6cdb\u5316\u80fd\u529b\u8fdc\u8d85\u540c\u7c7b\u6a21\u578b\uff08\u5982Mff\u4ec5\u5355\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u8868\u73b0\u4f18\u5f02\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u6027\u80fd\u62c9\u80ef\uff09\uff1b\u57fa\u4e8e\u6a21\u578b\u6838\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u76f8\u63a7\u9635\u710a\u63a5\u7f3a\u9677\u667a\u80fd\u5206\u7c7b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u5bfc\u5165\u3001\u5b9e\u65f6\u9884\u6d4b\u3001\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u7b49\u5de5\u4e1a\u7ea7\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u7f6e\u4fe1\u5ea6\u8fbe98%\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u4ece\u7406\u8bba\u7b97\u6cd5\u5230\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u95ed\u73af\uff0c\u6ee1\u8db3\u5de5\u4e1a\u73b0\u573a\u68c0\u6d4b\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56db\u3001\u3010\u6570\u636e\u6982\u89c8\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"186\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/2382c315a6ba396-23.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-271549\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"692\" height=\"172\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/ce6e2814f207c93-22.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-271550\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fe 1 \u00a9&nbsp;2026 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor &amp; Francis Group<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"692\" height=\"172\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/7f88dbbcaa77a1d-20.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-271551\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u56fe 2&nbsp;\u00a9&nbsp;2026 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor &amp; Francis Group<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"692\" height=\"172\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/4e9a0ba2491dfde-18.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-271552\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u56fe 3&nbsp;\u00a9&nbsp;2026 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor &amp; Francis Group<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"234\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/b14210e1ee30421-16.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-271553\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fe 4\u00a0ELTDF-Net\u00a0structure \u00a0\u00a9\u00a02026 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor &amp; Francis Group<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"224\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/de5bcf7d8eaea98-12.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-271554\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u56fe 5&nbsp;ECCR\u6a21\u5757 \u00a9&nbsp;2026 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor &amp; Francis Group<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"535\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/aa3023e0288002c-8.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-271555\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u56fe 6&nbsp;LCRB \u00a9 2026 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor &amp; Francis Group<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"203\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/e2f457ec632c1f6-8.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-271556\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u56fe 7&nbsp;TVconv-CA&nbsp;\u00a9&nbsp;2026 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor &amp; Francis Group<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"543\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/bf2e94a56e16c6a-4.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-271557\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;\u56fe 8&nbsp;Dataset collection process \u00a9 2026 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor &amp; Francis Group<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"692\" height=\"334\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/bafe803af52db04-3.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-271558\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u56fe 9&nbsp;PAUT-Welds\u200b datasets&nbsp;\u00a9&nbsp;2026 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor &amp; Francis Group<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"361\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/024a2b0801cb335.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-271559\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u56fe 10&nbsp;NEU-CLS-64 datasets&nbsp;\u00a9&nbsp;2026 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor &amp; Francis Group<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"263\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/9a1722cd4f67850.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-271560\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fe 11&nbsp;NEU-CLS datasets&nbsp;\u00a9&nbsp;2026 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor &amp; Francis Group<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"254\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/8c280e8b34f960d.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-271561\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fe 12&nbsp;MT datasets&nbsp;\u00a9&nbsp;2026 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor &amp; Francis Group<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"426\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/f86f48af3aa2b3d-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-271562\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fe 13&nbsp;<a><\/a>ROC curve of ELTDF-Net on PAUT-Welds datasets \u00a9&nbsp;2026 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor &amp; Francis Group<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"427\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/05ae0ac2539b0ac-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-271563\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fe 14&nbsp;ROC curve of ELTDF-Net on NEU-CLS-64 datasets \u00a9&nbsp;2026 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor &amp; Francis Group<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"425\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/0d8bc0dcc82e1d4-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-271564\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fe 15&nbsp;Local magnification of curves&nbsp;\u00a9&nbsp;2026 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor &amp; Francis Group<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"427\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/581871a2fedfcf8-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-271565\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fe 16&nbsp;ROC curve of ELTDF-Net on NEU-CLS datasets \u00a9&nbsp;2026 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor &amp; Francis Group<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"425\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/ea9775a6f4b579c-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-271566\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fe 17&nbsp;Local magnification of curves&nbsp;\u00a9&nbsp;2026 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor &amp; Francis Group<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"427\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/25925639c192fda-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-271567\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fe 18&nbsp;ROC curve of ELTDF-Net on MT datasets \u00a9&nbsp;2026 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor &amp; Francis Group<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"349\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/c41af6aa232cd8d-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-271568\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fe 19&nbsp;Scatter plot of original and learning features on&nbsp;different datasets \u00a9&nbsp;2026 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor &amp; Francis Group<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"382\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/e1c868690752e4c.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-271569\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fe 20&nbsp;Accuracy curve of ablation experiment&nbsp;\u00a9&nbsp;2026 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor &amp; Francis Group<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"214\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/7238a9923807411-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-271570\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fe 21&nbsp;Left: confusion matrix of the baseline model; right: confusion matrix of ELTDF-Net.&nbsp;\u00a9&nbsp;2026 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor &amp; Francis Group<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"283\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/aa72eea18f89b7f-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-271571\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fe 22&nbsp;Feature visualization flowchart&nbsp;\u00a9&nbsp;2026 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor &amp; Francis Group<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"459\" src=\"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/835902ba547ff21-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-271572\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fe 23&nbsp;Left:&nbsp;characteristic heatmap&nbsp;of the baseline model;right:&nbsp;characteristic heatmap&nbsp;of ELTDF-Net.&nbsp;\u00a9&nbsp;2026 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor &amp; Francis Group<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e94\u3001\u3010\u6210\u679c\u542f\u793a\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>ELTDF\u001eNet \u901a\u8fc7\u4e09\u6a21\u5757\u534f\u540c\uff0c\u653b\u514b PAUT \u710a\u7f1d\u7f3a\u9677\u68c0\u6d4b\u566a\u58f0\u5e72\u6270\u3001\u5f31\u5149\u7279\u5f81\u6a21\u7cca\u3001\u6676\u754c\u6563\u5c04\u4e0e\u7f3a\u9677\u8c31\u91cd\u53e0\u96be\u9898\uff0c\u68c0\u6d4b\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3001\u9c81\u68d2\u6027\u4e0e\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u8bc6\u522b\u5168\u9762\u9886\u5148\u4e3b\u6d41\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u5b8c\u6210\u7b97\u6cd5\u5230\u5de5\u4e1a\u667a\u80fd\u68c0\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u95ed\u73af\u8f6c\u5316\uff0c\u53ef\u5b9e\u65f6\u9884\u6d4b\u4e0e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\uff0c\u6ee1\u8db3\u73b0\u573a\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u65e0\u635f\u68c0\u6d4b\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u8bef\u62a5\u6f0f\u62a5\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u68c0\u6d4b\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3001\u6548\u7387\u3001\u5b9e\u7528\u6027\u4e09\u91cd\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u4e3a\u5de5\u4e1a\u710a\u7f1d\u5b89\u5168\u68c0\u6d4b\u63d0\u4f9b\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u667a\u80fd\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u672a\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u524d\u666f\u6709\uff0c\u53ef\u62d3\u5c55\u81f3\u591a\u573a\u666f\u5de5\u4e1a\u8d85\u58f0 \/ \u7535\u78c1\u65e0\u635f\u68c0\u6d4b\uff0c\u9002\u914d\u66f4\u591a\u7279\u79cd\u8bbe\u5907\u7f3a\u9677\u8bc6\u522b\u3002\u8f7b\u91cf\u5316\u4e0e\u8fb9\u7f18\u90e8\u7f72\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u73b0\u573a\u7aef\u4fa7\u5b9e\u65f6\u667a\u80fd\u68c0\u6d4b\u3002\u7ed3\u5408\u5c0f\u6837\u672c \/ \u8de8\u57df\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u590d\u6742\u5de5\u51b5\u6cdb\u5316\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u5168\u6d41\u7a0b\u667a\u80fd\u68c0\u6d4b\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e00\u3001\u3010\u5bfc\u8bfb\u3011 \u9505\u7089\u6c34\u51b7\u58c1\u7684\u5c0f\u5f84\u7ba1\u710a\u63a5\u63a5\u5934\u582a\u79f0\u5de5\u4e1a\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u201c\u751f\u547d\u7ebf\u201d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u672a\u7194\u5408\u3001\u88c2\u7eb9\u7684\u5fae\u5c0f\u7f3a\u9677\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u53d1\u4ecb\u8d28\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3001\u7ba1\u4f53\u7206\u88c2\u7684\u5927\u4e8b\u6545\uff01\u53ef\u710a\u63a5\u5185\u90e8\u7f3a\u9677\u85cf\u5f97\u6df1\u3001\u770b\u5f97\u96be&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":31345,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-271529","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-keji"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/271529"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/31345"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=271529"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/271529\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":271573,"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/271529\/revisions\/271573"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=271529"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=271529"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=271529"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}