{"id":36121,"date":"2016-08-25T08:00:47","date_gmt":"2016-08-25T00:00:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/?p=36121"},"modified":"2016-08-26T12:10:14","modified_gmt":"2016-08-26T04:10:14","slug":"nature%e5%b8%a6%e4%bd%a0%e5%9b%9e%e9%a1%be%e8%bf%9160%e5%b9%b4%e6%9d%a5%e6%b4%bb%e6%80%a7%e8%81%9a%e5%90%88%e7%89%a9%e7%9a%84%e5%8f%91%e5%b1%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.cailiaoniu.com\/?p=36121","title":{"rendered":"\u56fe\u6587\u5e72\u8d27\u4e28Nature\u5e26\u4f60\u56de\u987e\u8fd160\u5e74\u6765\u6d3b\u6027\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7684\u53d1\u5c55"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5f15\u8bed\uff1a<\/strong>20\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u6d3b\u6027\u805a\u5408\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\u4f7f\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u9769\u547d\u6027\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u6d3b\u6027\u805a\u5408\uff1f\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u6d3b\u6027\u805a\u5408\u7269\uff1f\u6d3b\u6027\u805a\u5408\u7269\u4e3a\u4f55\u80fd\u5982\u6b64\u957f\u671f\u53d7\u5230\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5173\u6ce8\uff1f\u8fd1\u65e5\uff0c\u5361\u5185\u57fa\u6885\u9686\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u52a0\u5229\u00b7\u5e15\u7279\u68ee\u5728Nature\u671f\u520a\u4e0a\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u56de\u987e\u4e86\u6d3b\u6027\u805a\u5408\u7269\u8fd160\u5e74\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

\"1\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe1<\/strong> \u6d3b\u6027\u805a\u5408\u53cd\u5e94\u63a7\u5236\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n

\u73b0\u4ee3\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u4f1f\u5927\u6210\u5c31\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u5408\u6210\u5316\u5b66\u5bb6\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u5206\u5b50\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u7cbe\u786e\u63a7\u5236\u805a\u5408\u7269\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u7406\u8bba\u5206\u6790\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u6027\u80fd\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5e73\u5747\u5206\u5b50\u94fe\u957f\u5ea6\u53ca\u94fe\u957f\u5206\u5e03\u3002\u65e9\u57281940\u5e74\uff0c\u5316\u5b66\u5bb6Flory\u4fbf\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u805a\u5408\u4ea7\u751f\u7a84\u5206\u5b50\u91cf\u5206\u5e03\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e0a\u5e76\u65e0\u91cd\u5927\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u76f4\u52301956\u5e74\uff0cMichael Szwarc\u9996\u6b21\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u6d3b\u6027\u805a\u5408\u201d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5373\u65e0\u7ec8\u6b62\u3001\u65e0\u8f6c\u79fb\u3001\u5f15\u53d1\u901f\u7387\u8fdc\u5927\u4e8e\u589e\u957f\u901f\u7387\u7684\u805a\u5408\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6ca1\u6709\u94fe\u8f6c\u79fb\uff0c\u805a\u5408\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u805a\u5408\u7269\u94fe\u7684\u6570\u76ee\u4fdd\u6301\u6052\u5b9a\uff1b\u800c\u6ca1\u6709\u94fe\u7ec8\u6b62\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u5355\u4f53\u6d88\u8017\u5b8c\uff0c\u805a\u5408\u53cd\u5e94\u505c\u6b62\u65f6\uff0c\u805a\u5408\u7269\u94fe\u4ecd\u7136\u4fdd\u6301\u6d3b\u6027\u57fa\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u805a\u5408\u7269\u5177\u6709\u80fd\u591f\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u6d3b\u6027\u7aef\u57fa\uff0c\u5f53\u52a0\u5165\u53e6\u4e00\u5355\u4f53\u540e\u80fd\u7ee7\u7eed\u805a\u5408\uff0c\u6545\u79f0\u4e3a\u6d3b\u6027\u805a\u5408\u7269\u3002\u6d3b\u6027\u805a\u5408\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4f7f\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u8bbe\u8ba1\u68a6\u60f3\u6210\u771f\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5206\u5b50\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5408\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u5408\u6210\u6307\u5b9a\u5206\u5b50\u91cf\u53ca\u5176\u7a84\u5206\u5e03\u805a\u5408\u7269\u3001\u6307\u5b9a\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5d4c\u6bb5\u5171\u805a\u7269\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u805a\u5408\u7269\uff08\u542b\u5927\u5206\u5b50\u5355\u4f53\uff09\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u590d\u6742\u7ed3\u6784\uff08\u5982\u661f\u5f62\u3001\u68b3\u5f62\u3001\u8d85\u652f\u5316\u3001\u73af\u72b6\uff09\u7684\u805a\u5408\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8fd160\u5e74\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5df2\u5f00\u53d1\u51fa\u8bb8\u591a\u5408\u6210\u6d3b\u6027\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u5982NMP\u3001ATRP\u3001RAFT\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u5355\u4f53\u53ef\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6d3b\u6027\u805a\u5408\uff0c\u6d3b\u6027\u805a\u5408\u7269\u5df2\u771f\u6b63\u5f7b\u5e95\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n

\u805a\u5408\u7269\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong><\/p>\n

ATRP\u5df2\u6210\u529f\u7528\u4e8e\u5236\u5907\u5404\u79cd\u590d\u6742\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5171\u805a\u7269\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u63a7\u5236\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7684\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u7cbe\u786e\u63a7\u5236\u7ebf\u578b\u5206\u5b50\u94fe\u5c3a\u5bf8\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u7531\u5927\u5206\u5b50\u5355\u4f53\u5171\u805a\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u652f\u5316\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5206\u6563\u5ea6\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u5355\u4f53\u63a5\u679d\uff08grafting onto\uff09\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u9aa8\u67b6\u53ca\u4ece\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u9aa8\u67b6\u63a5\u679d\uff08grafting from\uff09\u5355\u4f53\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u53cc\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u6216\u591a\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u5f15\u53d1\u5242\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u5171\u805a\u7269\u6216\u73af\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\u7b49\u3002\u56fe2\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4ee5ATRP\u63a7\u5236\u805a\u5408\u7269\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n

\"2\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe2<\/strong> \u901a\u8fc7ATRP\u53ef\u63a7\u5236\u5907\u805a\u5408\u7269\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50<\/p>\n

\u5408\u6210\u661f\u5f62\u805a\u5408\u7269\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e09\u5927\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u5148\u6838\u540e\u81c2\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7ATRP\u6cd5\u4ece\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u6838\u5f00\u59cb\u9010\u6e10\u751f\u957f\u51fa\u81c2\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u7ed3\u6784\u89c4\u6574\u7684\u661f\u5f62\u805a\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u661f\u5f62\u5d4c\u6bb5\u5171\u805a\u7269\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u91c7\u7528\u63a5\u679d\uff08grafting to\uff09\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u529f\u80fd\u5927\u5206\u5b50\uff08\u81c2\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u548c\u542b\u6709\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u7684\u6838\u53cd\u5e94\u5f97\u5230\u661f\u5f62\u805a\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u5982\u7094\u70c3\u548c\u53e0\u6c2e\u5316\u5408\u7269\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u70b9\u51fb\u53cd\u5e94\u5df2\u6210\u529f\u5236\u5907\u51fa\u661f\u5f62\u805a\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u4f46\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u5236\u5907\u5728\u591a\u81c2\u661f\u5f62\u805a\u5408\u7269\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e09\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5148\u81c2\u540e\u6838\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e59\u70ef\u57fa\u4ea4\u8054\u5242\u4e3a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5927\u5206\u5b50\u5f15\u53d1\u5242\uff08\u81c2\uff09\uff0c\u7aef\u57fa\u4ea4\u8054\u6210\u6838\uff0c\u6838\u4fdd\u7559ATRP\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u91c7\u7528grafting form\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ecd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e8c\u6b21\u751f\u957f\u81c2\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u6742\u81c2\u661f\u5f62\u805a\u5408\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n

\"3\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe3<\/strong> \u4e09\u5927\u5408\u6210\u661f\u5f62\u5171\u805a\u7269\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n

\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7684\u7ec4\u6210<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6d3b\u6027\u805a\u5408\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u53ef\u7b80\u6613\u5730\u5408\u6210\u51fa\u5747\u805a\u7269\u3001AB\u578b\u5d4c\u6bb5\u5171\u805a\u7269\u3001\u63a5\u679d\u5171\u805a\u7269\u3001\u65e0\u89c4\u5171\u805a\u7269\u3001ABA\u578b\u5171\u805a\u7269\u3001ABC\u578b\u5171\u805a\u7269\u3001\u68af\u5ea6\u5171\u805a\u7269\u7b49\u3002\u56fe4\u5217\u51fa\u4e86ATRP\u6cd5\u53ef\u63a7\u5236\u5907\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u3002<\/p>\n

\"4\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe4<\/strong> \u901a\u8fc7ATRP\u53ef\u63a7\u5236\u5907\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50<\/p>\n

\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5316<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5c06\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u56fa\u5b9a\u5728\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u53ef\u83b7\u5f97\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u5c06\u529f\u80fd\u57fa\u56e2\u56fa\u5b9a\u5728\u7ebf\u578b\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7684\u7aef\u57fa\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u5f97\u5230\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u5927\u5206\u5b50\u5355\u4f53\uff0c\u5c06\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u5f15\u5165\u5230\u8d85\u652f\u5316\u805a\u5408\u7269\u6216\u63a5\u679d\u805a\u5408\u7269\u652f\u94fe\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u5236\u5907\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\"5\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe5<\/strong> \u5408\u6210\u7279\u5b9a\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50<\/p>\n

\u73af\u6c27\u6811\u8102\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7f29\u6c34\u7518\u6cb9\u7532\u57fa\u4e19\u70ef\u9178\u916f\u5171\u805a\u8f6c\u4e3a\u8bb8\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u6709\u7528\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u57fa\u56e2\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u3001\u786b\u9187\u3001\u80fa\u3001\u7fa7\u9178\u3001\u9170\u6c2f\u3001\u53e0\u6c2e\u5316\u7269\u7b49\u3002\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u53d8\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u4ea4\u8054\u3001\u94fe\u5ef6\u4f38\u548c\u57fa\u4e8e\u6c22\u952e\u3001\u03c0\u2212\u03c0\u5806\u53e0\u3001\u79bb\u5b50\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u6216\u5f31\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u7b49\u5f31\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u81ea\u7ec4\u88c5\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u67d0\u4e9b\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u5bf9\u6e29\u5ea6\u3001\u5149\u3001\u8fd8\u539f\u6c27\u5316\u6216pH\u654f\u611f\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u53ef\u5236\u5907\u51fa\u5404\u79cd\u667a\u80fd\u54cd\u5e94\u6027\u6750\u6599\u3002<\/p>\n

\"6\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe6\u00a0<\/strong>\u7f29\u6c34\u7518\u6cb9\u57fa\u56e2\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5176\u4ed6\u529f\u80fd\u57fa\u56e2\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50<\/p>\n

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\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\uff1a
\n<\/strong>
\n1.\u00a0Patterson G. In retrospect: Sixty years of living polymers[J]. Nature, 2016, 536(7616): 276-277.\u00a0DOI:10.1038\/536276a<\/a><\/p>\n

2.\u00a0Matyjaszewski K. Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP): current status and future perspectives[J]. Macromolecules, 2012, 45(10): 4015-4039.\u00a0DOI: 10.1021\/ma3001719<\/a><\/p>\n

\u672c\u6587\u7531\u6750\u6599\u4eba\u7f16\u8f91\u90e8\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7ec4u4109687253\u4f9b\u7a3f\uff0c\u6750\u6599\u725b\u7f16\u8f91\u6574\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

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